上海市流动人口经济融合状况研究

发布时间：2018-10-04 22:33

【摘要】：改革开放以来，中国流动人口迅速增加，2011年规模达到2.3亿人。人口流动成为现阶段我国经济、社会、人口转型过程中的突出特征。而上海作为中国经济和商业环境最为发达的城市，也是对流动人口最具有吸引力的目的地之一。数据显示，2011年上海所容纳的流动人口数量已达到900多万。年轻的流动人口群体，不仅延缓了上海的老龄化进程，降低了老龄化程度，减轻了城市人口的抚养负担比，同时也为上海经济的迅猛发展提供了充足的人力支撑。寻求更高的经济水平是流动人口进入上海的主要动机。因此关于流动人口在城市的经济发展状况成为了学术界研究的热点。为了更加形象、直观、准确地描绘出流动人口的经济状况，本文引入了社会融合研究中经济融合的概念，并运用调查问卷数据构建可比较的、综合性强的流动人口经济融合指数。首先，笔者在吸取他人成果的基础上构建了系统化、结构化的流动人口经济融合评价体系，为下文的经济状况分析和指数的计算提供基础工具。然后，根据经济融合指标体系对调查对象中的上海市流动人口和户籍人口进行单变量比较分析。从总体上识别两个不同群体间的经济状况差别。接下来是本文的关键和重点。首先通过因子分析法分别得出流动人口和户籍人口的绝对经济融合指数，然后通过相比得出流动人口相对经济融合指数；接着对影响经济融合指数的因素进行定量定性分析。最后，笔者针对影响流动人口经济融合状况的因素，提出改善现状的政策建议，也是本文研究目的的最终实现。本文中主要使用的是2009年关于上海市流动人口和户籍人口中在业人员的问卷调查数据。通过理论与实证相结合的分析，笔者发现流动人口与户籍人口的经济状况差距仍然较大，而人力资本和制度环境是导致经济融合水平低的重要原因，户籍制度的改革则是促进流动人口经济融合的根本举措。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's floating population has increased rapidly, reaching 230 million people in 2011. Population mobility has become a prominent feature in the process of economic, social and population transformation in China. As the most developed city in China, Shanghai is also one of the most attractive destinations for the floating population. Shanghai's migrant population reached more than 9 million in 2011, according to data. Young floating population groups not only delay the aging process of Shanghai, reduce the degree of aging, reduce the dependency burden ratio of urban population, but also provide sufficient human support for the rapid development of Shanghai economy. Seeking a higher economic level is the main motivation for floating population to enter Shanghai. Therefore, the economic development of floating population in the city has become the focus of academic research. In order to describe the economic situation of floating population more vividly, intuitively and accurately, this paper introduces the concept of economic integration in the study of social integration, and uses the questionnaire data to construct a comparable one. Comprehensive and strong floating population economic integration index. First of all, the author constructs a systematic and structured evaluation system of economic integration of floating population on the basis of absorbing the achievements of others, which provides the basic tools for the following economic situation analysis and index calculation. Then, according to the index system of economic integration, univariate comparative analysis of Shanghai floating population and household registration population is carried out. Identify the economic differences between the two groups in general. Next is the key and the key point of this article. First, the absolute economic integration index of floating population and household registration population is obtained by factor analysis method, then the relative economic integration index of floating population is obtained by comparison; then the factors affecting economic integration index are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Finally, according to the factors that affect the economic integration of floating population, the author puts forward some policy suggestions to improve the present situation, which is the ultimate realization of the purpose of this paper. This paper mainly uses the survey data of Shanghai floating population and employed population in 2009. Through the combination of theory and empirical analysis, the author finds that the gap between the floating population and the household registration population is still large, and the human capital and institutional environment are the important reasons for the low level of economic integration. The reform of household registration system is the fundamental measure to promote the economic integration of floating population.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C92-05

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