威胁:地缘政治理论构建的前提与原始动力

发布时间：2018-06-19 15:26

本文选题：威胁 + 地缘政治理论构建　；参考：《世界地理研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：地缘政治理论从诞生之日起其命运就与国家的兴衰更替紧密相联。纵观西方部分地缘政治理论之构建过程,其构建的前提和原始动力都是理论构建者源于"他者"对于"自我""威胁"的认知并经由理论构建者通过对"威胁"的历史和地理的分析而形成的政治结果。论文以"海权论"、"陆权论"、"边缘地带论"和"大棋局论"4个地缘政治理论为研究样本,首先分析了威胁及其内涵和地缘政治中隐含的威胁。在此基础上,探讨了威胁与4个地缘政治理论构建关系,即:对美国海外扩张构成最大威胁的是英国海上霸权,使马汉意识到海权对历史的影响进而构建了"海权论";英国霸权的最大威胁来自俄国在亚洲的扩张,使麦金德意识到陆上强国对心脏地带控制对英国霸权的威胁而构建了"陆权论";斯皮克曼认为控制边缘地带的国家会对美国实力地位构成巨大威胁,进而形成了"边缘地带论";布热津斯基为冷战后巅峰上的美国在未来可能的霸权衰落而面临来自欧亚大陆某一超级大国的威胁,为维护美国霸权而作以理论上的未雨绸缪构建了"大棋局论"。最后尝试探讨了当前中国崛起面临的外界威胁以及对构建基于外界威胁的中国地缘政治理论的启示。
[Abstract]:Geopolitical theory has been closely related to the rise and fall of the country since its birth. Throughout the construction process of some geopolitical theories in the West, The presupposition and original motive force of its construction are the political result that the constructor of theory originates from the cognition of "self" and "threat" and through the analysis of history and geography of "threat" by the constructor of theory. In this paper, four geopolitical theories, namely, the theory of sea power, the theory of land power, the theory of marginal zone and the theory of big chess, are taken as the research samples, and the threat and its connotation and the implied threat in geopolitics are analyzed at first. On this basis, the author discusses the relationship between the threat and four geopolitical theories, that is, the British maritime hegemony is the greatest threat to the expansion of the United States overseas. Mahan was made aware of the influence of sea power on history and constructed the theory of sea power. The greatest threat to British hegemony came from Russia's expansion in Asia. MacInder was made aware of the threat that land-based powers pose to British hegemony over the heartland; Spikman believed that the states that controlled the marginal regions posed a great threat to the power of the United States. Thus came the "marginal zone theory", in which Brzezinski faced a threat from a superpower in Eurasia for the possible decline of US hegemony in the future at the height of the cold war. In order to safeguard American hegemony, this paper constructs the theory of "big chess game". In the end, the author tries to discuss the external threat to China's rise and its enlightenment to the construction of China's geopolitical theory based on external threats.
【作者单位】：云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院;云南师范大学华文学院;中国西南地缘环境与边疆发展协同创新中心;西北大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41261034,41561033) 中国西南地缘环境与边疆发展协同创新中心开放课题
【分类号】：K901.4

【相似文献】