多方互动量子秘密共享方案设计与分析

发布时间：2018-04-25 06:43

本文选题：信息安全 + 量子密码　；参考：《东南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着通信技术的发展、计算机的普及,信息安全问题逐步暴露在人们眼前,继Snowden事件之后：2015年,社保系统被爆漏洞,社保成为了个人信息泄露的“重灾区”；美国第二大医疗保险公司遭黑客攻击,8000万用户资料受影响；……诸如此类的事件不断被曝光,安全问题一次又一次被推上风口浪尖,人们因此更加关注信息安全问题,同时对保密通信以及信息的存储提出了更高的要求。然而,随着量子计算机的出现,基于计算复杂性设计的经典加密算法的安全性受到了严重威胁,量子密码学应运而生。量子密码学的研究基于粒子的“测不准原理”、“不可克隆原理”、“非正交量子态不可区分原理”等物理特性,其理论上是无条件安全的。现阶段,量子密码学可以分为量子密钥分配、量子秘密共享、量子直接通信等重要领域分支。本论文主要研究领域是量子秘密共享,论文提出了一个多方互动量子秘密共享方案(MI-QSS),该方案有以下特性：1、MI-QSS具有良好的扩展性,通过简单的操作就可以扩展至多方使用；2、MI-QSS同时弥补了现有Hsu等人提出的动态量子秘密共享方案(DQSS)的一个有关联合攻击的安全性漏洞；3、本论文经过理论分析得出,MI-QSS方案可以抵御“截获重发攻击”、“联合攻击”、“纠缠攻击”;4、MI-QSS方案还保证了每个参与者的平等性,即每个参与者都可以通过该方案发送需要加密的信息；5、MI-QSS可运用于一种更加公平的无仲裁者的抢答游戏中,即可以有效避免仲裁者徇私舞弊的现象。在今后的工作中,我们将进一步对MI-QSS做改进以扩大其适用性,使其可以在更加复杂的环境中应用。
[Abstract]:With the development of communication technology and the popularization of computers, the problem of information security is gradually exposed to people's eyes. After the Snowden incident: in 2015, the social security system was exploded, and social security became a "disaster area" where personal information leaked; The second largest health insurance company in the United States was hacked, affecting 80 million users. Such incidents have been exposed and security issues have been pushed to the forefront again and again, thus people pay more attention to information security issues, and put forward higher requirements for secure communication and storage of information. However, with the emergence of quantum computers, the security of classical encryption algorithms based on computational complexity is seriously threatened, and quantum cryptography emerges as the times require. The study of quantum cryptography is based on the physical properties of particle uncertainty principle, non-cloning principle and non-orthogonal quantum state indistinguishable principle, which is theoretically unconditionally secure. At present, quantum cryptography can be divided into quantum key distribution, quantum secret sharing, quantum direct communication and other important branches. The main research field of this thesis is quantum secret sharing. In this paper, a multi-party interactive quantum secret sharing scheme (MI-QSS) is proposed. The scheme has the following characteristics: 1 / 1 / MI-QSS has good expansibility. By simple operation, it can be extended to multiparty use of MI-QSS and make up for a security loophole of the existing dynamic quantum secret sharing scheme (DQSS) proposed by Hsu et al. In this paper, through theoretical analysis, we can get the conclusion of MI-QSS. The scheme can resist "intercepting retransmission attacks", The "joint attack," "entanglement attack," MI-QSS scheme also guarantees equality for each participant, that is, each participant can send messages that need to be encrypted through the scheme. Namely can effectively avoid the phenomenon that arbitrators practice favoritism and malpractice. In future work, we will further improve MI-QSS to extend its applicability to more complex environments.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN918.1;O413

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