退休年龄的法理分析及制度安排

发布时间：2018-04-27 02:38

本文选题：退休年龄 + 延迟退休　；参考：《中国法学》2015年06期

【摘要】：退休年龄的确定关涉到劳动者劳动权和社会保障权的实现。目前我国退休年龄的规定存在男女退休年龄差距过大、退休年龄存在身份差别、退休年龄低于世界平均水平、养老金受领时长过长等问题,这些问题也导致了法律适用上的困惑。退休应当是劳动者的一项权利而非义务,退休与劳动权之间不应当有必然的排斥关系,劳动者劳动权不应因退休而受限制或者被剥夺,男女不同龄退休会导致女性社会保障权利的减损和对女性发展权的限制。退休年龄的科学确定,应当考虑政治因素、经济因素和社会因素等。我国未来立法应采取"渐进式"的方式合理延迟退休年龄,适当区分不同的人群适用不同的退休年龄制度,逐渐拉近男女退休年龄的差异,实行弹性退休制度作为对法定退休年龄的补充,以及实行更加开放的退休制度,从强制退休逐渐过渡到灵活退休。
[Abstract]:The determination of retirement age involves the realization of laborer's right to labor and social security. At present, there are some problems in the provisions of retirement age in China, such as: the gap between male and female retirement age is too large, the retirement age is different, the retirement age is lower than the world average, and the pension period is too long. These problems also lead to confusion in the application of the law. Retirement should be a right rather than an obligation of the laborer, and there should not be an inevitable exclusion between retirement and the right to work, and the worker's right to work should not be restricted or deprived as a result of retirement. Retirement at different ages leads to the derogation of women's right to social security and restrictions on women's right to development. The scientific determination of retirement age should consider political, economic and social factors. China's future legislation should adopt a "progressive" approach to reasonably delay the retirement age, appropriately distinguish between different groups of people and apply different retirement age systems, and gradually narrow the difference of retirement age between men and women. The flexible retirement system is adopted as a supplement to the legal retirement age, and a more open retirement system is implemented, from compulsory retirement to flexible retirement.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学法学院;中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心;
【分类号】：D922.5

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