从“民本”到“人本”——以儒学为核心的中国社会保障思想传统与当代变迁

发布时间：2018-06-21 05:25

  本文选题：社会保障 + 人本主义　； 参考：《社会科学辑刊》2015年05期

【摘要】：以儒学为核心的中国社会保障的思想传统是中国传统民本思想的集中体现,长期支配着中国社会保障制度的设计和执行,它包含三个方面的内容:一是在人和天的关系上所表现出来的"受命于天"的责任观,并由此形成了"顺天保民"的社会保障理念;二是在人和人的关系上所表现出来的"爱有差等"的仁爱观,并由此形成了以"宗族血亲"为核心的社会保障结构;三是在人和法的关系上所表现出的"礼治高于法治"的社会治理观,并由此形成了重德轻法的社会保障执行机制。从明清之际开始,伴随中国现代化、全球化的进程,以儒学精神为核心的社会保障的思想传统走入剧烈变迁的轨道。概括说来,这种变迁以对人的理解为核心,在儒学、西方近代人学和马克思主义三种思潮的相互碰撞中逐步实现了对人的全面理解,最终在马克思主义关于人的全面发展的思想指导下基本实现了从"民本"到"人本"的转化。
[Abstract]:The ideological tradition of Chinese social security, with Confucianism as the core, is the concentrated embodiment of Chinese traditional people-oriented thought, and has long dominated the design and implementation of China's social security system. It includes three aspects: the first is the concept of "being ordered by heaven" in the relationship between man and nature, and the social security concept of "protecting the people along the sky"; Secondly, the concept of "love is poor" in the relationship between people and people, and thus formed the social security structure with "clan blood relatives" as the core; The third is the view of social governance that "rule by etiquette is superior to rule by law" in the relationship between human beings and law, and a social security enforcement mechanism is formed in which morality is more important than law. From the time of Ming and Qing Dynasty, with the process of modernization and globalization of China, the ideological tradition of social security with Confucian spirit as the core entered the orbit of drastic changes. Generally speaking, this kind of change takes the understanding of people as the core, and gradually realizes the comprehensive understanding of people in the collision of Confucianism, modern western anthropology and Marxism. Finally, under the guidance of Marxist thought on the all-round development of human beings, the transformation from "people-oriented" to "human-oriented" was basically realized.
【作者单位】： 吉林大学哲学社会学院;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2015T80315);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2014M561306) 吉林大学校级项目(450060482359)
【分类号】：D632.1;B222
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本文编号：2047420