成都市网球俱乐部教练员现状调查及对高校网球人才培养的思考

发布时间：2018-09-05 07:59

【摘要】：在深化教育改革的背景下,结合网球俱乐部发展对教练员的需要,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法、数量统计法等研究方法对本论文进行研究,结果表明：1.成都市网球俱乐部基本上是集于教学培训、场地租赁以及其他辅助性服务等为一体的综合经营方式,但教学培训服务是俱乐部收益的主要手段。因此,教练员在网球俱乐部的发展中具有重要的作用。2.成都市网球俱乐部教练员队伍由专职教练员和兼职教练员构成。专职教练员主要来源高校网球专项和高校体育专业非网球专项学生,他们的执教年限一般在2-3年。而兼职教练员主要来源于在职体育教师、在读学生及专业网球退役运动员。在兼职教练员中,退役运动员和在职体育教师相对稳定,而在读学生因为技术水平和执教能力等方面的原因被俱乐部辞退的比例较大。总体讲,无论是专职还是兼职,成都市网球俱乐部的教练员流动性都比较大,造成这一现象的原因在于俱乐部没有给予教练的工资收入一个稳定的保证。其工资收入取决于教学和陪练次数的多少,并受场地、气候、时间和教学陪练水平等的影响。一方面,工资多少不俱确定性,另一方面,俱乐部很少给教练员购买社保和医保,这使得即使是专职教练员也不可能具有长期从事该项工作的想法,而兼职教练员本身就具有临时性。3.成都市网球俱乐部管理者虽然认识到教练员对俱乐部的发展具有重要的作用,但其在教练员的管理上的缺陷造成俱乐部教练员的整体能力一般,缺少综合素质较好的优秀教练员。管理者认为教练员应具备较强的比赛能力、教学能力、陪打能力及沟通能力。在成都市网球俱乐部教练员队伍中,高校来源的网球教练员教学能力和沟通能力较好,但因从事专业运动年限较短,所以比赛能力和陪打能力相对较弱。4.成都市网球俱乐部消费者一般认为教练员综合素质是非常重要的,但调查显示,教练员的综合素质还没有完全达到消费者的需求。消费者认为教练员应具备较高的技术水平、陪打能力、教学能力及较好的服务态度,随着消费者网球技术水平的提高对教练员技术水平尤其是陪打能力和比赛能力的要求就越高。教练员只有具备较高的技术水平、较强的教学能力及融洽的沟通能力等方面的综合素质才能满足网球俱乐部消费者的需要。5.高校网球专项教学网球场地基本上能满足教学的需要,实践教学部分占总学时的大部分,由于总教学时数的限制(320学时对于学习网球技术时数非常有限),教师在教学内容的安排上更注重基本技战术的学习,而对教学能力、陪打技巧、比赛能力及网球裁判及比赛组织等实践方面的能力培养不够。网球专项学生认为网球裁判、比赛组织、特别是比赛能力及陪打能力好坏是影响自己顺利从事网球业余教练员工作重要因素。高校网球教师认为加大课外练习、多参加各种比赛,从事社会教学实践等课内外结合的方式是促进学生全方位发展,培养合格的学校网球专业教师和网球俱乐部教练的重要途径。6.虽然国家教委把网球运动列为了中小学体育教学大纲中的选项教材,成都市相关主管部门推出了网球试点学校以期促进网球运动的发展,但由于受到教师编制、场地设施等因素的影响,成都市各学校并未将网球运动推广起来,对网球专项人才的需求较少。而高校网球教师基本满员及对教师学历的高要求,使网球本科专业的毕业生进入高校几乎成为不可能。以上情况造成网球专业学生就业本专业的困难,这使部分学生把就业方向转向了网球俱乐部,同时也使高校网球专业的培养模式与成都市网球俱乐部对教练员的多元化要求形成纽带关系。基于成都市网球俱乐部教练员和高校网球人才培养的现状调查,作者认为应加强对网球专业学生的综合素质的培养；完善网球课程结构体系；强化网球复合型体育人才的培养；提高网球专项学生的运动技术水平；强化网球专项学生的实践能力,构建课内外一体化网球教学模式等方面以使高校人才培养符合社会需求的复合型网球专项人才。
[Abstract]:Under the background of deepening education reform and combining with the needs of tennis club development for coaches, this paper uses literature, questionnaire, expert interviews, quantitative statistics and other research methods to study this paper. The results show that: 1. Chengdu tennis club is basically concentrated in teaching and training, venue leasing and other ancillary. The coaches play an important role in the development of tennis clubs. 2. The coaches of Chengdu Tennis Club are composed of full-time coaches and part-time coaches. The non-tennis majors in the school usually teach for 2-3 years, while part-time coaches mainly come from in-service physical education teachers, students and professional tennis retired athletes. Generally speaking, both full-time and part-time coaches in Chengdu Tennis Club are more mobile. The reason for this phenomenon is that the club does not give coaches a stable salary guarantee. On the one hand, the salary is uncertain, on the other hand, the club seldom buys social security and medical insurance for coaches, which makes it impossible for even full-time coaches to have the idea of long-term engagement in the work, and part-time coaches themselves have temporary. 3. Chengdu tennis Although club managers recognize that coaches play an important role in the development of clubs, their management deficiencies lead to the general ability of club coaches and the lack of excellent coaches with better comprehensive quality. Among the coaches of Chengdu Tennis Club, the teaching and communication abilities of tennis coaches from colleges and universities are better, but because they have been engaged in professional sports for a relatively short period of time, their competitiveness and accompanying ability are relatively weak. 4. Consumers of Chengdu Tennis Club generally think that the comprehensive quality of coaches is very important, but the survey Consumers believe that coaches should have higher technical level, accompanying ability, teaching ability and better service attitude. With the improvement of consumer tennis technical level, coaches'technical level, especially accompanying ability and competition ability are required to be higher. Coaches only have high technical level, strong teaching ability and harmonious communication ability to meet the needs of tennis club consumers. 5. College tennis special teaching tennis courts can basically meet the needs of teaching, practice teaching part of the majority of the total school hours, because the total number of teaching hours. The teachers pay more attention to the study of basic skills and tactics in the arrangement of teaching contents, but not enough to cultivate the practical abilities of teaching ability, accompanying skills, competition ability and tennis referees and competition organization. Competitive ability and accompanying ability are the important factors that influence their successful engagement in tennis amateur coaches. College tennis teachers believe that the combination of extra-curricular exercises, more competitions and social teaching practice is to promote students'all-round development and cultivate qualified tennis teachers and tennis players. Although the National Education Commission has listed tennis as an optional teaching material in the physical education syllabus of primary and secondary schools, the relevant departments in charge of Chengdu have launched a tennis pilot school in order to promote the development of tennis. However, due to the influence of teachers, venues and facilities, schools in Chengdu have not listed tennis as an optional teaching material. With the popularization of sports, there is less demand for tennis talents. However, tennis teachers in Colleges and universities are basically full and the high requirements for teachers'qualifications make it almost impossible for graduates of tennis major to enter colleges and universities. Based on the investigation of the present situation of tennis coaches and tennis talents training in Chengdu Tennis Club, the author thinks that the comprehensive quality training of tennis students should be strengthened and the tennis curriculum should be improved. Structural system; Strengthen the cultivation of tennis compound sports talents; Improve the sports technical level of tennis special students; Strengthen the practical ability of tennis special students, and construct the integrated tennis teaching mode in and out of class so as to cultivate compound tennis special talents meeting the needs of society.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G845

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