天津市女性社会保障现状与对策研究

发布时间：2018-11-14 11:05

【摘要】：社会保障作为一项解除国民生存危机和保障国民基本生活的制度安排，旨在通过为人们提供抗御风险的安全保证，帮助每个社会成员渡过生命周期中的各种难关。女性本身在社会中处于弱势地位，社会保障对于保护女性、促进女性发展具有重要意义，女性社会保障是社会保障制度体系中不可缺少的组成部分。但是由于受到传统社会性别文化、社会结构变动、经济社会发展不平衡等因素的影响，男性在社会保障中处于主导地位，女性的社会保障处于附属地位。本研究立足于社会性别视角，采用定量分析和定性分析相结合的方法，在综合前人研究的基础上，提出了女性社会保障的制度框架，从基本社会保障、女性特殊社会保障、女性社会保障领域突出问题三大方面探讨分析目前天津市女性社会保障的整体情况，发现其中存在的问题，并针对问题提出有效的解决方案。通过分城乡、性别对天津市第三期妇女地位调查得到的相关数据进行对比分析，研究结果显示：基本社会保障方面，女性的保障待遇水平整体低于男性，各项社会保障政策实施过程中性别歧视现象依然存在且明显，农村女性的社会保障待遇水平亟待提高；女性特殊社会保障方面，，部分女性职工工作环境恶劣，对自身和下一代产生不良影响，同时女性福利制度发展缓慢，农村女性很少能够享受到各项福利待遇；女性社会保障领域突出问题方面，女性在劳动力市场中同样处于弱势地位，农村女性因婚姻变动失去土地的问题较为严重。针对现存问题，本研究提出具体的对策建议，主要体现在政府投入扩大化、政策设计规范化、城乡社会保障制度一体化、女性就业充分化、女性福利制度化、性别平等社会化六个方面，以期进一步完善天津市女性社会保障制度建设，提高女性的社会福利水平，推动两性和谐发展。
[Abstract]:As an institutional arrangement to relieve the national survival crisis and ensure the basic life of the people, social security aims at helping each member of society to tide over all kinds of difficulties in the life cycle by providing people with security guarantees against risks. Women themselves are in a weak position in society. Social security plays an important role in protecting women and promoting women's development. Female social security is an indispensable part of social security system. However, due to the influence of traditional social gender culture, social structure change, economic and social development imbalance and other factors, male in the dominant position in the social security, women's social security in the subordinate position. This study is based on the gender perspective, adopts the method of combining quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, on the basis of synthesizing the previous studies, puts forward the institutional framework of female social security, from the basic social security, the special social security of women. This paper discusses and analyzes the overall situation of female social security in Tianjin in three aspects, finds out the existing problems, and puts forward effective solutions to the problems. By comparing and analyzing the data obtained from the third survey of the status of women in Tianjin by urban and rural areas and by sex, the results show that, in terms of basic social security, the level of women's security treatment is generally lower than that of men. The phenomenon of gender discrimination still exists in the process of implementing social security policies, and the level of social security treatment for rural women needs to be improved. In the aspect of special social security for women, some female workers have bad working environment, which has a negative impact on themselves and the next generation. At the same time, the development of female welfare system is slow, and rural women are rarely able to enjoy all kinds of welfare treatment. In the aspect of female social security, women are also in a weak position in the labor market, and rural women lose their land because of the change of marriage. In view of the existing problems, this study puts forward specific countermeasures and suggestions, which are mainly reflected in the expansion of government investment, the standardization of policy design, the integration of urban and rural social security systems, the full employment of women, and the institutionalization of women's welfare. In order to further improve the construction of social security system for women in Tianjin, improve the social welfare level of women and promote the harmonious development of both sexes, gender equality is socialized in six aspects.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D632.1;D669.68

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