相对剥夺对我国城乡居民主观幸福感的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 22:34

本文选题：相对剥夺　切入点：主观幸福感　出处：《天津理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：主观幸福感反映了个体生活满意度,是国家治理的“晴雨表”,表征着政治和社会的稳定程度。“Easterlin悖论”的出现证明了收入水平不是影响主观幸福感的唯一原因,收入不平等程度的扩大也会降低居民主观幸福感。相对剥夺反映了个体以及群体之间的不公平程度,可以看作是个体对自身剥夺和贫困进行分析后作出的客观判断。因此,相对剥夺与主观幸福感在福利经济学上存在一个交叉点,是收入分配领域和心理学领域跨学科的结合,方便利用客观存在并且稳定的剥夺指标衡量主观不稳定的幸福感指标,进而为政策制定者提供有利的数据支持。本文首先回顾了主观幸福感、相对剥夺以及相对剥夺影响主观幸福感的相关研究;然后从理论基础和实证研究两个方面对相对剥夺影响我国居民主观幸福感进行了相关分析;最后对研究结果进行总结并提出提高我国居民主观幸福感的政策建议。具体行文框架为以下五个方面。第一章:绪论。该部分首先对研究相对剥夺影响主观幸福感的相关背景进行了介绍,阐明了本文写作的理论与现实意义,然后归纳了研究方法、总体研究思路以及主要内容,绘制了技术路线图,最后介绍了研究的主要创新之处。第二章:主观幸福感与相对剥夺相关研究综述。该部分首先对主观幸福感概念进行界定并梳理了我国居民的主观幸福感的变动趋势和影响因素。其次对相对剥夺进行介绍,主要集中在概念和测量方法两个方面。第三步回顾了关于主观幸福感与相对剥夺关系的文献,梳理了相对剥夺影响主观幸福感机理研究和实证研究两个方面的内容。第三章:收入剥夺影响主观幸福感的理论基础和模型构建。该部分主要对相对剥夺影响主观幸福感进行了理论基础和计量模型构建的阐述,一方面将经济学中“效用”的概念与主观幸福感相联系,通过对基数效用理论和序数效用理论的研究建立了考虑收入剥夺的个体效用函数,另一方面构建了基本计量模型和Ordered Probit回归分析模型。第四章:收入剥夺影响我国城乡居民主观幸福感的实证研究。实证数据来源于CHIP2013数据库,主要从城镇、农村和劳动力迁移三个角度进行研究。由于三个角度样本略有差异,因此在变量的选择上把相同的部分归类为一般变量,不同部分归类为特殊变量。然后利用STATA计量工具对数据进行了描述性统计、相关性分析和Ordered Probit估计,得出实证结果。最后就三组样本的实证结果作对比分析,并结合我国情况给出合理解释。第五章:结论与政策建议。首先对相对剥夺影响主观幸福感的理论和实证研究进行概括总结。然后提出了提高我国居民主观幸福感的五点政策建议:完善收入分配与再分配制度、提高居民教育水平、关注居民的健康问题、营造社会信任氛围、完善社会福利保障制度。
[Abstract]:Subjective well-being reflects individual life satisfaction, is a "barometer" of national governance, and represents the degree of political and social stability. The appearance of "Easterlin Paradox" proves that income level is not the only reason that affects subjective well-being. The increase of income inequality can also reduce the subjective well-being of residents. Relative deprivation reflects the degree of inequality among individuals and groups, and can be regarded as an objective judgment made by individuals after analyzing their own deprivation and poverty. There is a cross point between relative deprivation and subjective well-being in welfare economics, which is the interdisciplinary combination of income distribution field and psychology field. It is convenient to use objective and stable deprivation indicators to measure subjective unstable well-being indicators. Then it provides favorable data support for policy makers. Firstly, this paper reviews the relevant studies on subjective well-being, relative deprivation and relative deprivation. Then it analyzes the impact of relative deprivation on the subjective well-being of Chinese residents from the two aspects of theoretical basis and empirical research. Finally, it summarizes the results of the study and puts forward some policy recommendations to improve the subjective well-being of Chinese residents. The specific formulation framework is as follows. Chapter 1: introduction. This part first affects subjective happiness on the study of relative deprivation. The background of the feeling is introduced. This paper expounds the theoretical and practical significance of this writing, then summarizes the research methods, general research ideas and main contents, and draws the technical roadmap. Finally, it introduces the main innovations of the research. Chapter 2: summary of the research on subjective well-being and relative deprivation. This part defines the concept of subjective well-being and combs the changes of subjective well-being of Chinese residents. Trends and influencing factors. Secondly, the relative deprivation is introduced. The third step reviews the literature on the relationship between subjective well-being and relative deprivation. Chapter three: the theoretical basis and model construction of income deprivation affecting subjective well-being. This part mainly affects the relative deprivation of the subjective well-being of the main body. The theoretical basis and the construction of econometric model of the sense of well-being are expounded. On the one hand, the concept of "utility" in economics is connected with subjective well-being, and the individual utility function considering income deprivation is established by studying the basic utility theory and ordinal utility theory. On the other hand, the basic econometric model and Ordered Probit regression model are constructed. Chapter 4th: empirical study on the effect of income deprivation on subjective Well-being of Urban and Rural residents in China. Rural and labor migration are studied from three angles. Because the sample samples from the three angles are slightly different, the same parts are classified as general variables in the selection of variables. Different parts are classified as special variables, and then the descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and Ordered Probit estimation are used to obtain the empirical results. Finally, the empirical results of the three groups of samples are compared and analyzed. Chapter 5th: conclusions and policy recommendations. Firstly, the theoretical and empirical research on the effect of relative deprivation on subjective well-being is summarized. Then, the author proposes to improve the subjective well-being of Chinese residents. A five-point policy proposal: to improve the system of income distribution and redistribution, Improve the education level of residents, pay attention to the health problems of residents, build social trust atmosphere and perfect the social welfare security system.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C912.6

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