美国的全球战略公域焦虑及中国的应对

发布时间：2018-10-24 11:23

【摘要】：与国际社会相比,美国更侧重从战略和军事意义上讨论"公域问题",并表现出明显的战略焦虑。但客观上,在其所界定的海洋、大气空间、外空和网络空间等四个全球战略公域中,美国都拥有重大甚至全面优势。因此,美国对全球战略公域的焦虑很大程度上是一种主观想象。一方面,自21世纪的第二个十年以来,美国国家安全战略的重心已经由反恐、防止大规模杀伤性武器扩散等全球性问题转向预防新兴大国崛起挑战其全球领导地位。另一方面,由于总体实力持续下降、战略资源日益紧张,全球战略公域逐渐成为美国新的战略聚焦,并被其视为维护"全球领导地位"的重要支柱。由此而来的,美国认为中国在海洋、大气空间、外空以及网络空间等全球战略公域的全面发展有可能动摇其垄断和统治地位,进而加大了在上述领域对中国的防范力度。中国应在深入认识美国的战略矛盾和焦虑心态的基础上,积极寻求塑造中美全球战略公域关系的有效途径,并引导全球战略公域秩序向正义与合理的方向发展。
[Abstract]:Compared with the international community, the United States focuses more on the discussion of the "Commons" in the strategic and military sense, and shows obvious strategic anxiety. But objectively, in the four global strategic domains defined as ocean, atmosphere, outer space and cyberspace, the United States has significant or even overall advantages. So America's anxiety about the global strategic Commons is largely subjective. On the one hand, since the second decade of the 21st century, the focus of the national security strategy of the United States has shifted from anti-terrorism, preventing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and other global issues to prevent emerging powers from rising to challenge their global leadership. On the other hand, as the overall strength continues to decline and the strategic resources become increasingly tight, the global strategic Commons has gradually become the new strategic focus of the United States, and it is regarded as an important pillar to maintain "global leadership". As a result, the United States believes that the overall development of China's global strategic Commons, such as the oceans, atmosphere, outer space and cyberspace, may destabilize its monopoly and dominance, thereby increasing its prevention of China in these fields. On the basis of deeply understanding the strategic contradiction and anxiety of the United States, China should actively seek an effective way to shape the relationship between China and the United States in the global strategic Commons, and guide the development of the order of the global strategic Commons in the direction of justice and reasonableness.
【作者单位】：上海国际问题研究院国际战略研究所;
【分类号】：D871.2;D820

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