俄罗斯核不扩散政策演进
发布时间：2018-12-08 11:18
【摘要】：核武器一经出现便成为国际社会关注的焦点。有核国家拥有核武器后便开始关注核不扩散问题。冷战时期,苏联作为核武器超级大国之一,对核不扩散问题的态度对国际核不扩散事业有着深刻影响。随着苏联与美国核均势的形成,苏联与美国在维护核垄断、限制其他国家获得核武器方面找到共同利益,最终促成核不扩散机制的建立。苏联对待核不扩散问题经历了从消极到积极的过程。本质上讲,苏联的核不扩散政策是以国家利益为中心,随着苏美矛盾的变化而变化的。苏联解体后,俄罗斯成为苏联核武库及其所承担的国际权力与义务的继承国。尽管俄罗斯国际地位有所下降,但作为核大国之一,其在核不扩散问题上依然拥有较大的发言权。 经过近20年的发展,俄罗斯的核不扩散政策逐渐明朗,在继承苏联核不扩散政策的基础上逐渐发展成一条独特的俄罗斯核不扩散之路。俄罗斯坚定的支持当今的核不扩散机制,并对国际核不扩散机制的巩固与完善起到了积极的作用。在具体问题上,俄罗斯在坚持国家利益的基础上采取灵活、务实的做法,将核不扩散政策灵活的运用于国家对外政策之中。长远看来,俄罗斯的核不扩散政策不会有所变化,在与美国加强核不扩散合作的同时,寻求对核不扩散机制的改革与完善。
[Abstract]:The emergence of nuclear weapons has become the focus of attention of the international community. Nuclear states have begun to focus on nuclear non-proliferation after they possess nuclear weapons. During the Cold War, as one of the nuclear powers, the attitude of the Soviet Union to the nuclear non-proliferation issue had a profound impact on the international nuclear non-proliferation cause. With the formation of the nuclear balance between the Soviet Union and the United States, the Soviet Union and the United States found common interests in maintaining the nuclear monopoly and restricting other countries to obtain nuclear weapons, which ultimately led to the establishment of the nuclear non-proliferation regime. The Soviet Union has experienced a process from negative to positive in dealing with nuclear non-proliferation. In essence, the nuclear non-proliferation policy of the Soviet Union is centered on the national interest and changes with the contradiction between the Soviet Union and the United States. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia became a successor to the Soviet nuclear arsenal and its international powers and obligations. Russia, one of the nuclear powers, still has a bigger say in nuclear non-proliferation, despite its declining international standing. After nearly 20 years of development, Russia's nuclear non-proliferation policy became clear and gradually developed into a unique Russian nuclear non-proliferation road on the basis of inheriting the Soviet Union's nuclear non-proliferation policy. Russia firmly supports the current nuclear non-proliferation regime and has played a positive role in consolidating and improving the international nuclear non-proliferation regime. On specific issues, Russia has adopted a flexible and pragmatic approach on the basis of upholding its national interests, applying its nuclear non-proliferation policy flexibly to its foreign policy. In the long run, Russia's nuclear non-proliferation policy will not change. While strengthening nuclear non-proliferation cooperation with the United States, it seeks to reform and improve the nuclear non-proliferation regime.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D815.2
本文编号：2368260
[Abstract]:The emergence of nuclear weapons has become the focus of attention of the international community. Nuclear states have begun to focus on nuclear non-proliferation after they possess nuclear weapons. During the Cold War, as one of the nuclear powers, the attitude of the Soviet Union to the nuclear non-proliferation issue had a profound impact on the international nuclear non-proliferation cause. With the formation of the nuclear balance between the Soviet Union and the United States, the Soviet Union and the United States found common interests in maintaining the nuclear monopoly and restricting other countries to obtain nuclear weapons, which ultimately led to the establishment of the nuclear non-proliferation regime. The Soviet Union has experienced a process from negative to positive in dealing with nuclear non-proliferation. In essence, the nuclear non-proliferation policy of the Soviet Union is centered on the national interest and changes with the contradiction between the Soviet Union and the United States. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia became a successor to the Soviet nuclear arsenal and its international powers and obligations. Russia, one of the nuclear powers, still has a bigger say in nuclear non-proliferation, despite its declining international standing. After nearly 20 years of development, Russia's nuclear non-proliferation policy became clear and gradually developed into a unique Russian nuclear non-proliferation road on the basis of inheriting the Soviet Union's nuclear non-proliferation policy. Russia firmly supports the current nuclear non-proliferation regime and has played a positive role in consolidating and improving the international nuclear non-proliferation regime. On specific issues, Russia has adopted a flexible and pragmatic approach on the basis of upholding its national interests, applying its nuclear non-proliferation policy flexibly to its foreign policy. In the long run, Russia's nuclear non-proliferation policy will not change. While strengthening nuclear non-proliferation cooperation with the United States, it seeks to reform and improve the nuclear non-proliferation regime.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D815.2
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