复杂性递增的美国外交行为系统

发布时间：2018-12-31 07:48

【摘要】：美国外交行为系统是一个复杂系统,对外关系活动者在其中相互联系,彼此影响,维持着系统的运行和发展。外交思想和外交行动的历史沉积造就了外交行为系统的复杂性,而不断涌现的新元素让系统复杂性逐步递增。在思想观念上,实力和原则是美国外交的基本要素。在交往活动中,冲突与合作是美国外交的基本形式。思想观念和行为活动交互作用,形成权力政治、强制合作、集体安全和规范合作等四种基础性外交方案。观察一定时期内四种方案的构成情况,有助于说明美国外交活动的微观调整。比较不同时期四种方案的构成变化,可以揭示美国外交行为系统的变迁轨迹。在经验层面,条约子系统和武力子系统是美国外交行为系统的两大核心构件。在成为全球大国的过程中,条约子系统非常活跃,武力子系统相对稳定。而在成为超级大国后,条约子系统趋于稳定,武力子系统仍在调整。冷战后,美国武力子系统调整所带来的不确定性成为国际不安全、体系不稳定的一个源头。
[Abstract]:American diplomatic behavior system is a complex system in which foreign relations actors interact and influence each other and maintain the operation and development of the system. The historical deposition of diplomatic thought and action has created the complexity of diplomatic behavior system, and the emerging new elements make the system complexity increase gradually. In ideology, strength and principle are the basic elements of American diplomacy. Conflict and cooperation are the basic forms of American diplomacy. The interaction of ideology and action forms four basic diplomatic schemes: power politics, compulsory cooperation, collective security and normative cooperation. Observing the composition of the four programs in a certain period is helpful to explain the micro adjustment of American diplomatic activities. Comparing the composition changes of the four schemes in different periods can reveal the vicissitudes of American diplomatic behavior system. At the empirical level, treaty subsystem and force subsystem are two core components of American diplomatic behavior system. In the process of becoming a global power, the treaty subsystem is very active and the force subsystem is relatively stable. After becoming a superpower, the treaty subsystem tends to stabilize, and the force subsystem is still adjusted. After the Cold War, the uncertainty brought by the adjustment of American military subsystem has become a source of international insecurity and system instability.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院美国研究所;
【分类号】：D871.2

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