以父之名：论蔡华对摩梭走婚文化之误读

发布时间：2018-02-22 09:29

本文关键词： 走婚主位客位文化误读　出处：《云南师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：摩梭文化所激起的效应以及对好奇心的驱使是巨大的。摩梭人的形象一直被建构在一系列文本，话语，旅游和媒介宣传相互作用相互关联的表演中，摩梭文化作为一种异国形象也引起了强烈的反响。长期以来，摩梭文化作为少数民族族群文化之一一直被文化研究者研究和探索，但其文化误读是极少被提及的一个问题。然而，通过对众多摩梭文化研究者的研究进行对比，不难发现其中充满了各种相似之处和不同之处，其中以蔡华对摩梭文化的研究最具争议性。本论文选取蔡华所著之书《一个无父无夫的社会：中国纳人》为个案研究，蔡华的书中充斥着趣闻轶事且其中大多数都是不加批注地引自1960年田野调查中编纂的中文民族志，，并在此基础上提出摩梭社会是个无父无夫的社会这一论点是实属有争议性的。本研究旨在以美国语言人类学家肯尼思·派克和文化人类学家马文·哈里斯所提出的主客位文化视野的角度纠正由蔡华博士的专著所引发的对于摩梭文化的误解。文中通过分析丧葬仪式和认子仪式二者是被强烈推荐且为蔡华博士所忽视的仪式过程，以及通过分析在蔡华博士专著中所缺失的走婚仪式得出摩梭社会并非一个单亲社会抑或无父的社会,母亲的地位是被推崇的但这并不意味着父亲——伪叔叔这一身份少受重视或者甚至不受重视。透过研究误读现象本身，可以发现并探讨其误读背后牵涉的种种因素，如文化差异，社会习俗以及研究者的个人背景，有助于从更广的情景来理解摩梭文化。
[Abstract]:The effects of Mosuo culture and the drive of curiosity are enormous. The image of Mosuo is always built into a series of performances in which text, discourse, tourism and media interplay each other. As an exotic image, Mosuo culture has aroused a strong response. For a long time, Mosuo culture as one of the ethnic minority cultures has been studied and explored by cultural researchers. But cultural misreading is a problem that is rarely mentioned. However, by comparing the studies of many researchers on Mosuo culture, it is not difficult to find that they are full of similarities and differences. Among them, Cai Hua's research on Mosuo culture is the most controversial. This paper selects Cai Hua's book, A Society without Father and husband: a Chinese Man, as a case study. Cai Hua's book is full of anecdotes, most of which are cited unannotated from the Chinese ethnography compiled in the field survey in 1960, and it is a controversial argument that Mosuo society is a society without father or husband. The purpose of this study is to correct the errors in Mosuo culture caused by Dr. Cai Hua's monograph, from the perspective of subject-guest culture proposed by Kenneth Parker, an American language anthropologist, and Marvin Harris, a cultural anthropologist. By analyzing the funeral ceremony and the child recognition ceremony, both of them are strongly recommended and ignored by Dr. Cai Hua. And through the analysis of the wedding ceremony missing in Dr. Cai Hua's monograph, it is concluded that Mosuo society is not a single-parent society or a fatherless society. The status of a mother is respected, but this does not mean that the paternal-pseudo-uncle status is undervalued or even ignored. By studying the phenomenon of misreading itself, we can find and explore the factors involved in misreading, such as cultural differences, social customs and the personal background of researchers, which can help to understand Mosuo culture from a wider perspective.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K892.22

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