叙述自我——关于民俗学的“自反性”

发布时间：2018-02-23 21:32

本文关键词： “传承者” 自我叙述个体性自反性　出处：《文化遗产》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：日本的民俗学者过去比较注重搜集村落的地方知识。对他们而言,理想的村落传承者需要"沉默慎重",不可强调个人观点。笔者认为该认识缺乏对他者生命的想象,因此有必要将民俗学的研究方向转向普通人的日常生活。在这个学科转向过程中,我们必须认识到访谈对象的自我叙述是最重要的研究素材。生活经验的叙述不仅是事实的罗列,而是通过叙述排列事件,并通过赋予事件意义建构"事实"。以往的民俗学不重视个体的主观经验,只关注对"民俗"形成的叙述。这种研究取向忽略了个体经验的多样性。人们在日常生活中通过对自我的叙述产生出"自我"本身。而自我叙述也是现代社会人们普遍拥有的一种自发行为。我们有必要了解访谈对象的生活经历全貌,包括他们的主观解释。民俗学的"口述"研究不再限于民间文学领域,也开始进入到日常生活中的经验性叙述领域。
[Abstract]:Japanese folklore scholars used to pay more attention to collecting local knowledge of villages. For them, the ideal village inheritors needed "silence and prudence" and could not emphasize their personal views. Therefore, it is necessary to shift the research direction of folklore to the daily life of ordinary people. We must realize that the self-narration of the interviewees is the most important research material. The narration of life experience is not only a list of facts, but also an arrangement of events. And by giving meaning to events to construct "facts." previous folklore did not attach importance to the subjective experience of individuals, Focus only on the narration of the formation of "folklore". This research orientation ignores the diversity of individual experience. In daily life, people produce the "self" itself through the narration of themselves. And self-narration is also a modern human being. We all have a spontaneous behavior. We need to know the whole life experience of the interviewees. The study of "oral" in folklore is no longer confined to the field of folklore, but also into the field of empirical narration in daily life.
【作者单位】：日本立教大学;华东师范大学民俗学研究所;广东外语外贸大学;
【分类号】：K890

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