文化增长机器:后工业城市与社区发展路径探索

发布时间：2018-06-03 06:09

本文选题：文化增长机器 + 后工业城市　；参考：《东岳论丛》2017年07期

【摘要】：文化在城市与社区发展中的角色在理论和实践上已得到广泛的认可。前沿的城市研究文献探索文化如何与人、与地互动构成一个场景(scene)从而定义一个城市社区,并且这样的一个城市社区场景如何进一步影响居民的态度和行为。当然,我们也应该意识到任何一个场景,它的构成不是自动的。需要参与者主动积极地用文化策略连接融合各种独立的元素,场景才成为可能。在城市或社区场景制造中有政府、市场与社会等三个主要参与主体,不同主体使用不同的文化策略来表达和倾诉自己利益。按照这样的逻辑,城市与社区已经变成一个增长机器和娱乐机器的结合体:文化增长机器。一般说来,政府管理者把文化当作一种市场和社会回应策略,市场视文化为新的经济利益点,社会群体或组织把文化当作自我表达的一种手段。因此,城市或社区文化场景制造具有政治性、经济性和社会性等三重特性。只有这三种特性达到平衡时,一个成功的城市社区文化场景才能形成,才能对本地区增长与发展产生影响。本文通过分析北京798艺术社区、温哥华的格兰维尔岛(Granville Island)社区、赫尔辛基的电缆厂(the Cable Factory)艺术社区等三个案例来解释文化增长机器对于后工业城市与社区发展的重要意义。
[Abstract]:The role of culture in the development of cities and communities has been widely recognized in theory and practice. The cutting-edge urban research literature explores how culture interacts with people and forms a scene to define a city community, and how such a city community scene further influences residents' attitudes and behaviors. Of course, we should also be aware of any scenario, its composition is not automatic. In order to make the scene possible, it is necessary for the participants to actively use cultural strategies to connect and integrate a variety of independent elements. There are three main participants in urban or community scene making: government, market and society. Different subjects use different cultural strategies to express and pour out their own interests. According to this logic, cities and communities have become a combination of growth machines and entertainment machines: cultural growth machines. Generally speaking, government managers regard culture as a market and social response strategy, the market regards culture as a new economic benefit point, and social groups or organizations regard culture as a means of self-expression. Therefore, urban or community cultural scene manufacturing has three characteristics: political, economic and social. Only when these three characteristics are balanced can a successful cultural scene of the urban community be formed and have an impact on the growth and development of the region. This paper explains the significance of the cultural growth machine to the development of post-industrial cities and communities by analyzing three cases: Beijing 798 Art Community, Granville Island Community in Vancouver, and Helsinki Cable Factory the Cable FactoryArt Community.
【作者单位】：英属哥伦比亚大学;国家行政学院;北京市委党校;
【基金】：2015年度国家社会科学基金青年项目“新型城镇化背景下大城市发展的文化动力研究”(15CSH005)
【分类号】：F299.1;G05

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