场景理论:利用文化因素推动城市发展研究的新视角
发布时间：2019-02-16 08:59
【摘要】：什么因素驱动着城市增长发展呢?经典理论认为,土地、劳动力、资金和管理等推动经济增长与人口流动,影响消费行为与居住模式。但城市发展的人力资本模式则认为,促进城市迅速增长的重要原因已不是土地和资本存量的增加,而是人技能的提高与知识积累。在此基础上,最近十年,一种全新的城市发展模式在美国被提了出来,即创意阶层模式。该理论认为,在知识经济时代,创意阶层是城市增长发展的重要资源,是城市之间竞争的制胜关键。但是,该理论并没有解决好"如何吸引聚集创意阶层"这个问题。随后,新芝加哥学派提出了场景理论,该理论聚焦市民文化参与对城市增长发展的影响。他们认为,由便利设施为导向的公共物品集合形同不同场景,以及场景中蕴含的文化价值观与生活方式对不同人群产生聚集作用,从而带来不同的城市结果。因此,本文建议,在考虑城市增长发展时,城市政策不仅要考虑诸如土地、劳动力、资本和管理等要素,还应把场景纳入进来,从价值观、生活方式与生活质量对人类行为的影响上,谋篇布局,推动本地区经济增长、人口流动以及改变其他社会进程等。
[Abstract]:What drives urban growth? According to classical theory, land, labor, capital and management promote economic growth and population mobility, and affect consumption behavior and living mode. However, the human capital model of urban development holds that the important reason for the rapid growth of cities is not the increase of land and capital stock, but the improvement of human skills and the accumulation of knowledge. On this basis, in the last decade, a new urban development model has been proposed in the United States, that is, the creative class model. The theory holds that, in the era of knowledge economy, creative class is an important resource for urban growth and development, and the key to the success of competition among cities. However, the theory does not solve the problem of how to attract the creative class. Subsequently, the New Chicago School put forward the scene theory, which focuses on the impact of civic cultural participation on urban growth and development. They believe that the convenient facilities-oriented collection of public goods is similar to different scenes and that the cultural values and lifestyles contained in the scenes have a collective effect on different people and thus lead to different urban outcomes. Therefore, this paper suggests that when considering urban growth and development, urban policy should take into account not only factors such as land, labor, capital and management, but also the inclusion of scenarios in terms of values. In terms of the influence of lifestyle and quality of life on human behavior, it is necessary to promote regional economic growth, population mobility and other social processes.
【作者单位】： 北京市委党校(北京行政学院)社会学教研部;北京市委党校北京人口与社会发展研究中心;
【分类号】：G05
[Abstract]:What drives urban growth? According to classical theory, land, labor, capital and management promote economic growth and population mobility, and affect consumption behavior and living mode. However, the human capital model of urban development holds that the important reason for the rapid growth of cities is not the increase of land and capital stock, but the improvement of human skills and the accumulation of knowledge. On this basis, in the last decade, a new urban development model has been proposed in the United States, that is, the creative class model. The theory holds that, in the era of knowledge economy, creative class is an important resource for urban growth and development, and the key to the success of competition among cities. However, the theory does not solve the problem of how to attract the creative class. Subsequently, the New Chicago School put forward the scene theory, which focuses on the impact of civic cultural participation on urban growth and development. They believe that the convenient facilities-oriented collection of public goods is similar to different scenes and that the cultural values and lifestyles contained in the scenes have a collective effect on different people and thus lead to different urban outcomes. Therefore, this paper suggests that when considering urban growth and development, urban policy should take into account not only factors such as land, labor, capital and management, but also the inclusion of scenarios in terms of values. In terms of the influence of lifestyle and quality of life on human behavior, it is necessary to promote regional economic growth, population mobility and other social processes.
【作者单位】： 北京市委党校(北京行政学院)社会学教研部;北京市委党校北京人口与社会发展研究中心;
【分类号】：G05
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