册亨县大寨村布依族丧葬仪式研究

发布时间：2019-07-09 08:36

【摘要】：基于物质基础,且结合建构在此基础之上的生存规则是人类在自然环境实践中创造的生态智慧,村寨这种元结群是传统文化生存的厚土,其文化的演化逻辑可通过社会变迁和个体的行为逻辑去把控。殓而藏之为丧葬,在厚葬观念中丧葬仪式是人最重要的过渡仪式,亦是如今农村最重要的仪式,是文化场域中最重要的一环,丧葬仪式是基于社会和个体而成立的,通过对丧葬仪式的分析可最终寻求文化的演化逻辑,亦可寻求仪式结构与社会结构之间的联系,籍此亦可寻求传统文化传承的可行途径。作品承继特纳有关仪式研究的理论,并结合宗教、社会与文化的研究传统,对贵州黔西南州册亨县冗渡镇大寨村布依族丧葬仪式进行探讨。如今在大寨村居住的布依族人民建构的文化体系中,丧葬仪式的重要性不言而喻,丧葬仪式是安抚生者与死者的过程,是整个传统文化的集中显现,是社会运转的逻辑展现,是发展变迁的记忆存储体。以期通过仪式本身的解析去探寻仪式背后的文化与社会。本文首先从丧葬仪式相关研究的梳理切入,接着对大寨布依族人民的生存环境进行详述,再对布依族丧葬仪式过程本身进行描述,在描述的基础上进行仪式本身的分析,并籍此探讨大寨的文化及社会。文章分为两个部分,第一部分包括绪论和结语。第二部分为文章的主体,即第二章到第六章。绪论部分简要梳理了仪式学派的理论发展,也梳理了国内外丧葬仪式的研究,同时回顾了布依族丧葬仪式研究的进程。第一章主要叙述大寨村布依文化生境,具体从自然环境、社会环境和精神环境三个方面来进行。第二章主要从大寨布依族丧葬文化起源探讨、丧葬仪式实践主体与元素生成、丧葬仪式场域生成与实践逻辑进行,对丧葬仪式场域生成进行概述,并探讨丧葬仪式场域内实践主体的实践逻辑。第三章主要根据田野调查的个案来描述大寨布依族人民的丧葬仪式过程,分成三个阶段进行描述。第四章主要对仪式本身进行结构及元素分析,对仪式过程结构的分析主要使用阈限来对丧葬仪式结构分析,仪式过程中的交融状态及仪式本身的反结构,仪式中使用的道具及其象征的解析。第五章主要对丧葬仪式进行文化深描,分别对布摩使用的经书、仪式本身进行分析去探讨布依族史、及布依族人民世界的认知。另从宗教人类学的角度来分析布依族人民的孝道。第六章主要从仪式结构与社会结构的维系来进行写作,分别从仪式场域中权利的运作来分析神性统治和传统结构的维稳,并对仪式中展现出的现象来探讨传统文化的延续。通过研究发现,大寨布依族丧葬仪式不仅是传统文化的展现窗口,亦是社会运转的集中体现。基于场域性质的改变,丧葬仪式作为大寨布依族传统文化的载体在调试中的演化速度是延后于其他载体的。
文内图片：

图片说明：丧服（笔者摄）
[Abstract]:Based on the material basis and combined with the survival rules constructed on this basis, the ecological wisdom created by human beings in the practice of natural environment is the ecological wisdom created by human beings in the practice of natural environment. The village group is a thick soil for the survival of traditional culture, and the evolution logic of its culture can be controlled through social changes and individual behavior logic. Funeral ceremony is the most important transitional ceremony in the concept of heavy funeral, and it is also the most important ceremony in rural areas, and it is the most important part of the cultural field. the funeral ceremony is based on society and individuals. Through the analysis of funeral ceremony, we can finally seek the evolution logic of culture, but also seek the relationship between ritual structure and social structure, so as to find a feasible way to inherit traditional culture. The work inherits Turner's theory of ritual research and combines the research tradition of religion, society and culture to discuss the funeral ceremony of Buyi nationality in Dazhai Village, Huudu Town, Qiannan County, Guizhou Province. Nowadays, in the cultural system constructed by the Buyi people living in Dazhai Village, the importance of the funeral ceremony is self-evident. The funeral ceremony is the process of the comforter and the dead, the concentrated manifestation of the whole traditional culture, the logical display of the social operation, and the memory storage of the development and change. In order to explore the culture and society behind the ceremony through the analysis of the ceremony itself. This paper first combs and cuts into the related research of funeral ceremony, then details the living environment of Buyi people in Dazhai, then describes the funeral ceremony process of Buyi nationality itself, analyzes the ceremony itself on the basis of description, and probes into the culture and society of Dazhai. The article is divided into two parts, the first part includes introduction and conclusion. The second part is the main body of the article, that is, the second chapter to the sixth chapter. The introduction briefly combs the theoretical development of ritual school, also combs the research of funeral ceremony at home and abroad, and reviews the research process of funeral ceremony of Buyi nationality. The first chapter mainly describes the Buyi cultural habitat of Dazhai Village, which is carried out from three aspects: natural environment, social environment and spiritual environment. The second chapter mainly discusses the origin of funeral culture of Buyi nationality in Dazhai, the formation of practical subjects and elements of funeral ceremony, the formation of funeral ceremony field and the logic of practice, summarizes the formation of funeral ceremony field, and discusses the practical logic of practice subject in funeral ceremony field. The third chapter mainly describes the funeral ceremony process of Buyi people in Dazhai according to the case of field investigation, which is divided into three stages. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the structure and elements of the ceremony itself, and the analysis of the structure of the ritual process mainly uses the threshold to analyze the structure of the funeral ceremony, the blending state in the process of the ceremony and the anti-structure of the ceremony itself, the props used in the ceremony and the analysis of its symbols. The fifth chapter mainly makes a deep cultural description of the funeral ceremony, and analyzes the scriptures and rituals used by Bumo to explore the history of the Buyi nationality and the cognition of the Buyi people's world. In addition, from the perspective of religious anthropology to analyze the filial piety of the Buyi people. The sixth chapter mainly writes from the maintenance of ritual structure and social structure, analyzes the divine rule and the stability of traditional structure from the operation of rights in the ritual field, and discusses the continuation of traditional culture from the phenomena shown in the ceremony. Through the study, it is found that the funeral ceremony of Buyi nationality in Dazhai is not only the display window of traditional culture, but also the concentrated embodiment of social operation. Based on the change of the nature of the field, the evolution speed of funeral ceremony as the carrier of Buyi traditional culture in Dazhai is delayed by other carriers.
【学位授予单位】：贵州民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K892.22

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