国家角色的嬗变：中国周边外交的演进动因

发布时间：2018-02-23 22:01

本文关键词： 国家角色亚洲革命领导者发展中国家区域治理体系塑造者周边外交　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自1949年中华人民共和国建立,中国的国家实力在不断增长。然而,其周边外交并没有寻求地区霸权,而是走出了一条独特的路径。在毛泽东时代,尽管国力弱小,中国政府先后反对美国和苏联的霸权主义。与之相对的是,尽管国力强大,今天的中国致力于重塑地区治理体系和秩序。本文的核心问题是:为什么中国实力的增长并未导致其追求地区霸权?伴随着实力的不断强大,中国的周边外交的演进路径何以于历史上的大国迥然相异?影响当代中国周边外交演进的动力机制是什么?既有的文献对于解释当代中国周边外交具有重要价值,然而,也存在解释力不足的问题。相比这些理论,角色理论具有更强的解释力。以霍尔斯蒂的角色理论为基础,本文构建了一个理论机制来解释当代中国周边外交战略演进的逻辑。本文认为,当代中国周边外交战略演进由不断变化的国家角色定位和利益认知所推动。将角色理论与中国具体国情相结合,本文认为国家实力、国际主流价值观、领导层代际转换以及他国的角色期望是影响中国国家角色定位的自变量。其中,国际主流价值观既可以直接影响国家角色定位,同时还可以通过领导层代际转换这个中介变量影响国家角色的定位。这四个自变量共同影响了中国角色定位的嬗变。具体来说,国家实力的变化是推动中国国家角色认知持续进化的物质基础;国际主流价值观的演化和决策层的代际转换决定了国家角色认知演化的方向;与他国角色期望的持续互动为国家角色认知的进化提供了动力。基于此,文章通过三个典型的历史案例,分别是抗美援朝、中国加入亚洲开发银行以及一带一路倡议,来对文章的核心观点和理论假设加以证明。通过比较不同的案例来建立一套因果机制,并对预测中国未来的周边外交提供方向。既有研究主要关注影响当代中国周边外交的某一个变量。基于角色理论,本文将角色定位作为分析视角,并构建了一套理论机制。它不仅关注体系层次和单元层次,将国内政治与外交政策联系起来,而且整合了理性主义与建构主义,将各国之间认知互动纳入分析框架。本文认为,单纯物质和观念均未能解释中国的外交政策,国家实力、国际主流价值观以及与他国的互动共同推动了国家角色定位的变化和国家利益认知的变化。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949, China's national strength has been growing. However, its peripheral diplomacy has not sought regional hegemony, but has taken a unique path. The Chinese government has opposed the hegemonism of the United States and the Soviet Union. In contrast, despite its strong national strength, Today's China is committed to reshaping the system of regional governance and order. The core question of this paper is: why does the growth of China's power not lead to its pursuit of regional hegemony? With the growing strength of China, how can the evolution of China's peripheral diplomacy be so different from that of the great powers in history? What is the motive mechanism that influences the evolution of contemporary China's peripheral diplomacy? The existing literature has important value in explaining contemporary China's peripheral diplomacy, however, there is also the problem of insufficient explanatory power. Compared with these theories, role theory has a stronger explanatory power, based on Holstein's role theory. This paper constructs a theoretical mechanism to explain the logic of the strategic evolution of contemporary China's peripheral diplomacy. The evolution of contemporary China's foreign policy strategy is promoted by the changing orientation of national role and the cognition of interests. Combining the role theory with China's specific national conditions, this paper argues that national strength, international mainstream values, The intergenerational transition of leadership and the role expectations of other countries are independent variables that influence the orientation of China's national role. Among them, mainstream international values can directly affect the orientation of national roles. At the same time, it can also influence the orientation of the national role through the intermediate variable of leadership intergenerational transformation. These four independent variables jointly affect the evolution of the role orientation in China. Specifically, The change of national strength is the material basis to promote the continuous evolution of China's national role cognition, the evolution of international mainstream values and the intergenerational transformation of decision-making level determine the direction of the evolution of national role cognition. The continued interaction with the role expectations of other countries has provided the impetus for the evolution of national role cognition. Based on this, the article adopts three typical historical cases, namely, resistance to US aggression and aid to Korea, China's accession to the Asian Development Bank and Belt and Road's initiative. To prove the core ideas and theoretical assumptions of the article. By comparing different cases to establish a causal mechanism, It also provides a direction for predicting China's future peripheral diplomacy. The existing research focuses on a variable that affects contemporary China's peripheral diplomacy. Based on the role theory, this paper takes the role orientation as an analytical perspective. It not only pays attention to system level and unit level, links domestic politics with foreign policy, but also integrates rationalism and constructivism, and brings cognitive interaction among countries into the analytical framework. China's foreign policy, national strength, international mainstream values and interaction with other countries have contributed to the change of national role orientation and national interest cognition.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D822.3

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