“一带一路”背景下新疆吸引外商直接投资影响因素及策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 09:51

本文选题：一带一路 + 外商直接投资　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：习近平主席在2013年9月和10月分别提出建设“新丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的战略构想,在此背景下,国家高度重视新疆的对外开放。2015年3月28日国家发布《推动共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的愿景与行动》中明确了新疆作为“一带一路”核心区的战略定位,这是新疆在“一带一路”建设中的重大机遇。改革开放以来,新疆外商直接投资(Foreign Direct Investment,简称FDI,下同)逐年扩大,从1997年8691万美元到2015年的45250万美元,平均年增长率为22.62%。但是,新疆吸引外资的规模普遍偏低,远落后于全国平均水平。而且,新疆外商投资还存在着投资方式单一、投资结构不合理的特点,新疆吸引外商直接投资能力较弱,与新疆作为资源大省和“一带一路”核心区的战略地位极不相符。在这种形势下分析并研究新疆吸引外商直接投资的影响因素,根据分析结果提出新疆在“一带一路”历史机遇下提高FDI的相应策略,有利于提高新疆吸引外资能力,对促进新疆的经济发展也有重要的意义。本文首先介绍了论文的背景与研究意义,对国内外文献进行汇总并整理,从国际直接投资理论和区位理论构建了本文的理论框架。其次,从新疆外商直接投资的投资规模、投资方式、投资结构三个方面系统分析了“一带一路”背景下新疆FDI现状。通过整理并分析2005-2016年新疆统计年鉴中的FDI相关数据,得出结论:新疆外商直接投资规模较小、投资方式较单一、投资结构不合理、产业分布不平衡、区位分布不均衡、来源地分布较集中。再次,运用理论与实证相结合的分析方法对新疆FDI的影响因素进行研究。根据联合国贸易和发展会议关于外商投资区位因素的分析框架以及各学者在相关著中的研究成果作为筛选依据,筛选出八个因素对新疆吸引外商直接投资的影响因素进行理论分析,这八个因素依次为政策因素、市场因素、对外开放程度、基础设施建设、自然资源、成本因素、人力资源、聚集效应。再结合以往文献的研究方法与成果,将这八个影响因素进行量化,选取合适的指标进行实证研究。最后根据分析结果从政府、产业和企业三个层面提出相应的策略提高新疆吸引外商直接投资。政府层面的策略有以“一带一路”为契机加强交通基础设施建设、设立丝绸之路经济带外商投资专项基金、以“人才战略”提高人力资本水平;产业层面的策略是在产业园区设立丝绸之路经济带外资试点、以“特色+优势”促进产业结构优化;企业层面要加强与“一带一路”沿线国家跨国企业合作、借助“互联网+”平台拓宽引资渠道。
[Abstract]:In September and October 2013, President Xi Jinping put forward the strategic ideas for the construction of the "New Silk Road Economic Belt" and the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road", respectively. The state attaches great importance to the opening up of Xinjiang. On March 28, 2015, the State issued the Vision and Action to promote the Construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the Maritime Silk Road in the 21st Century. The strategic positioning of Xinjiang as the core area of "Belt and Road" has been clearly defined. This is Xinjiang in the "Belt and Road" construction of a major opportunity. Since the reform and opening up, foreign direct investment (FDI) in Xinjiang has expanded year by year, from 86.91 million US dollars in 1997 to 452.5 million US dollars in 2015, with an average annual growth rate of 22.62%. However, Xinjiang's scale of attracting foreign investment is generally low, far behind the national average. Moreover, the foreign investment in Xinjiang has the characteristics of single investment mode and unreasonable investment structure. The ability of attracting foreign direct investment in Xinjiang is relatively weak, which is very inconsistent with the strategic position of Xinjiang as a major resource province and a core region of "Belt and Road". Under this situation, this paper analyzes and studies the influencing factors of attracting foreign direct investment in Xinjiang. According to the analysis results, it puts forward the corresponding strategies to improve the FDI in Xinjiang under the historical opportunity of "Belt and Road", which is conducive to improving Xinjiang's ability to attract foreign capital. To promote the economic development of Xinjiang also has important significance. This paper first introduces the background and significance of the paper, summarizes and collates the domestic and foreign literature, and constructs the theoretical framework of this paper from the international direct investment theory and location theory. Secondly, the paper systematically analyzes the present situation of Xinjiang's FDI under the background of "Belt and Road" from three aspects: the investment scale, the investment mode and the investment structure of foreign direct investment in Xinjiang. By collating and analyzing the relevant data of FDI in the Statistical Yearbook of Xinjiang from 2005 to 2016, it is concluded that the scale of foreign direct investment in Xinjiang is relatively small, the investment mode is single, the investment structure is unreasonable, the industrial distribution is not balanced, and the location distribution is not balanced. The distribution of the source is relatively concentrated. Thirdly, the influence factors of Xinjiang FDI are studied by using the theory and empirical analysis method. Based on the analytical framework of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development on locational factors for foreign investment and the research results of scholars in relevant books, Eight factors are selected for theoretical analysis of the influencing factors of attracting foreign direct investment in Xinjiang. These eight factors are policy factors, market factors, degree of opening up, infrastructure construction, natural resources, cost factors, human resources, etc. Aggregation effect. Combined with the research methods and achievements of previous literature, the eight influencing factors are quantified and the appropriate indicators are selected for empirical research. Finally, according to the results of the analysis, this paper puts forward the corresponding strategies from three levels of government, industry and enterprise to increase the foreign direct investment in Xinjiang. At the government level, we should take "Belt and Road" as an opportunity to strengthen the construction of transportation infrastructure, set up a special fund for foreign investment in the Silk Road economic belt, and raise the level of human capital by "talent strategy". The strategy at the industrial level is to set up a pilot project for foreign investment along the Silk Road economic belt in the industrial park to promote the optimization of the industrial structure by means of "characteristic advantages", and to strengthen cooperation with multinational enterprises of countries along the "Belt and Road" line at the enterprise level. With the help of the "Internet" platform to broaden the channels of investment.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.6

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