“元初—清初”的历史想象与清初北方士人对清朝入主的认识——以孙奇逢为中心的考察

发布时间：2018-01-22 19:24

本文关键词： 明清之际孙奇逢历史想象河南河北　出处：《清史研究》2013年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以江南为主场景的明清之际主流历史叙述认为,秉持"夷夏之防"正统观念的儒家士大夫,往往对北方异族统治抱持拒斥的态度。但是,这一解释模式难以对同样受儒学熏陶的北方士人在清初的行为做出解释。本文考察了清初活跃于中原的儒学家孙奇逢对其所处时代的理解,发现孙奇逢建立起一个"元初—清初"的历史想象。在孙奇逢的精神世界中,元初异族皇帝重用许衡、耶律楚材、刘因等儒学家,呈现出一幅崇礼右文的面貌。由此,与元初有类比关系的清初也被理解为重归于治的时代。在此基础上,孙奇逢的"出处观"也有了别样的意味。孙奇逢从势道平衡的角度考虑,"出"是实践儒家的道,"处"是保证儒家的道相对于皇权的优势地位,二者均是行道。
[Abstract]:The mainstream historical narration of the Ming and Qing dynasties in which Jiangnan is the main scene holds that the Confucian literati and officials who uphold the orthodox idea of "Yi Xia's defense" tend to hold the attitude of rejecting the northern alien rule. It is difficult to explain the behavior of the Northern Scholars influenced by Confucianism in the early Qing Dynasty. This paper examines the understanding of Sun Qi, a Confucian scholar who was active in the Central Plains in the early Qing Dynasty. It was found that Sun Qi set up a historical imagination of "early Yuan Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty". In the spiritual world of Sun Qi, the emperors of different nationalities used Xu Heng, Yeru Chucai, Liu Yin and other Confucian scholars in the early Yuan Dynasty. Thus, the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, which had an analogical relationship with the early Yuan Dynasty, was also understood as the era of retribution to governance. Sun Qi's "provenance view" also has a different meaning. From the perspective of balance of power and Tao, Sun Qi "out" is the practice of Confucian Tao, "place" is to ensure the Confucian Tao relative to the imperial power of the dominant position. Both are on the road.
【作者单位】：清华大学中文系;
【分类号】：K249;K247
【正文快照】： 一、引论:“明清之际”的视域截至目前,“明清之际”主流历史叙述,是以江南作为主要舞台展开的。以政权更替为核心的明清易代史,便是一个典型的例证。以现代历史编纂方法撰写的第一部清代史——稻叶君山《清朝全史》,全书48章,涉及鼎革的是24—27章,分别为“明国亡于流贼”、

【共引文献】