整合与分化——明永乐以后河北平原的村落形态及其演变

发布时间：2018-01-23 04:27

本文关键词： 河北平原村落结构形态密集化裂变分化庙宇　出处：《复旦大学》2003年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 本文主要探讨了明永乐以后河北平原村落的空间分布过程以及个体村落的发展过程，研究认为，永乐以后河北平原的村落经历了恢复与再生的过程，从永乐到乾隆十八年前后，村落的数量迅速增加，已经基本上完成了空间的分布，乾隆十八年以后，村落的发展由数量的增加逐渐转变为村落规模的扩大。在此过程中，，移民对村落的发展起了重要的作用，移民不但形成了新的村落，也改变了原来土著村落的结构，移民散居的特征实际上可以看作村落空间布点的过程，它直接影响了村落的密集化过程，是村落结构性裂变与地缘分化的主要原因之一。除了移民的影响以外，环境与行政等因素对村落的密集化也有很大的影响。本文的研究也发现，导致村落的密集化的最根本原因还在于村落自身的发展，每个村落在规模上都经历了从零星聚落到饱和型村落、在管理上则经历从依附大村到独立成村的过程，独立成村的标志是土地庙的建立。从村落形态上看，不同发展时期的村落形态有很大的区别，不但体现在村落的规模上，也体现在村落的庙宇系统上。因此，根据村落的规模与庙宇系统，本文将村落形态划分为四个发展时期：前村落期、村落形成期、村落成熟期、村落饱和期，并重点探讨了村落饱和期村落内部的社区分化，结论认为，随着村落的发展，村落开始出现地缘分化的趋向，各地域集团自己修建庙宇并有了自己的组织，这种地缘分化的结果，一方面可能各地缘组织独立成村，从而导致了村落的裂变，另一方面则造成村落内部的社区分化，构成城镇社区的早期形态。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly discusses the spatial distribution process of Hebei plain villages and the development process of individual villages after Yongle in Ming Dynasty. The research shows that the villages in Hebei plain have experienced the process of restoration and regeneration after Yongle. From Yongle to Qianlong eighteen years ago, the number of villages increased rapidly, and the distribution of space was basically completed, after 18 years of Qianlong. The development of villages gradually changed from the increase of the number to the expansion of the scale of villages. In this process, immigrants played an important role in the development of villages, and immigrants not only formed new villages. It also changed the structure of the original indigenous villages, the characteristics of the diaspora can actually be regarded as the process of the village space placement, it directly affects the process of the village denseness. It is one of the main reasons for the structural fission and geographical differentiation of villages. In addition to the influence of immigration, environmental and administrative factors also have great influence on the density of villages. The study of this paper also found that the most fundamental reason leading to the concentration of villages is the development of the villages themselves. Each village has experienced from sporadic settlement to saturated villages on the scale. In the management, it experienced the process from depending on the big village to becoming an independent village. The symbol of the independent village is the establishment of the land temple. From the perspective of the village morphology, there are great differences in the village form in different development periods. Therefore, according to the scale of the village and temple system, this paper divides the village form into four development periods: the pre-village period, the village formation period. Village maturity, village saturation period, and focus on the village saturation period of community differentiation within the village, the conclusion is that with the development of villages, villages began to appear the trend of geographical differentiation. Each regional group built its own temple and had its own organization, the result of this geographical differentiation, on the one hand, the edge of the organization may be independent into a village, thus leading to the fission of the village. On the other hand, it causes the community differentiation within the village and constitutes the early form of the urban community.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：K248

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