明代中晚期陕西蒙古“三大寇”研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 22:21

本文关键词： 蒙古明朝民族关系陕西 “三大寇”　出处：《西北民族大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 明朝立国后,蒙古退处漠朔,但实力依旧咄咄逼人,“屡谋兴复”。洪武、永乐时期,国富力强,兵精马壮,蒙古不敢南下牧马。然正统以后,明朝政治腐败,边防渐弛,武备尤废,民不知兵,将士厌战,蒙古诸部遂乘时南入河套,西进青海,驻屯松山,酿成明代中晚期陕西蒙古“三大寇”边患。明廷无力收复,乃修边筑堡,因河为固,加强守御,以长城为界,南北对峙,各自为政。“套寇”、“海寇”、“松寇”与明关系时缓时急、时和时战;蒙古或间来朝贡,或时有侵犯;明朝或整兵出剿,或封赐和议。有明一代始终未能彻底解决陕西蒙古“三大寇”问题,直至明末,形势大变,明朝与“三大寇”一起走向了灭亡。可以说,在明末东北女真兴起之先,“三大寇”自始至终是明朝的肘腋腹心之患,是明朝民族关系中的重中之重。本文拟把明代中晚期陕西蒙古“三大寇”置于一起以时间为序进行研究,力求把“三大寇”的由来、活动及其与明王朝的关系一一料理清楚。全文共分三大部分: 一,明英宗天顺六年即1462年阿罗出入寇河套至明武宗正德五年即1509年:蒙古各部封建主的混战、入套及明王朝的河套防务。二,明武宗正德六年即1510年达延汗统一鞑靼各部至明神宗万历九年即1581年:“海寇”、“松寇”的兴起、活跃,鄂尔多斯部进驻、经营河套及“三大寇”与明朝的和战。三,明神宗万历十年即1582年俺答汗逝世至明思宗崇祯九年(清太宗天聪八年)即1634年:陕西蒙古“三大寇”的没落与明王朝的经略。
[Abstract]:After the founding of the Ming Dynasty, Mongolia retreated to Moshuo, but its strength was still aggressive, "repeatedly seeking prosperity and recovery." Hongwu, Yongle period, the country is rich, the soldiers are very strong, Mongolia dare not go south to herd horses. However, after orthodoxy, the Ming Dynasty political corruption. Border defense gradually relaxed, the people do not know the soldiers, the soldiers tired of war, Mongolia then when the south into the Hetao, west Qinghai, stationed in the Songshan, Shaanxi Province in the mid-late Ming Dynasty, the "three major invaders," the edge of the trouble. The Ming Dynasty was unable to recover. It is Xiubian to build a castle, because of the river as a solid, strengthen the defense, the Great Wall as a boundary, North-South confrontation, each of them. "set invaders", "sea invaders", "Song invaders" and the relationship between the Ming when slow, time and war; The Mongol came to pay tribute from time to time, or sometimes violated; The Ming Dynasty or the whole army carried out suppression campaigns, or sealed peace talks. One Ming generation never completely solved the problem of the "three major invaders" in Mongolia, Shaanxi, until the end of the Ming Dynasty, the situation changed greatly, and the Ming Dynasty and the "three major invaders" went to extinction together. It can be said that the Ming Dynasty and the "three major invaders" went to extinction. Before the rise of Nu Zhen in Northeast China in the late Ming Dynasty, the "three major aggressors" were the main problem of the Ming Dynasty and the most important part of the national relations in the Ming Dynasty. This paper intends to put the "three major invaders" of Shaanxi Mongolia in the middle and late Ming Dynasty together in order to study the origin of the "three major invaders". The activities and their relationship with the Ming Dynasty are carefully handled. The whole thesis is divided into three parts: First, Ming Yingzong Tianshun six years, that is, on 1462 Arrow into the Kou Hetao to the Ming Wu Zong five years, that is 1509: Mongolia's various feudal masters of the melee, and the Ming Dynasty's Hetao defense. Second, the Ming Wu Zong six years, that is, in 1510, Dayan Khan unified Tatar Ministry to Ming Shenzong Wanli nine years 1581: "Sea invaders", "Song" rise, active, Ordos Department stationed. Management of Hetao and the "three major aggressors" and the Ming Dynasty of the war of peace. Three, Ming Shenzong Wanli ten years, that is, on 1582, I died to Ming Sizong Chongzhen nine years (Qing Taizong Tiancong eight years) that 1634: Shaanxi Mongolia, the "three major invaders" decline and Ming Dynasty Sutra.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K248

【引证文献】