传闻异辞与文献性质、叙述目的关系考论——以“商汤灭夏”为例

发布时间：2018-01-31 13:22

本文关键词： 商汤灭夏文献性质叙述目的传闻异辞《清华简·尹至》　出处：《北京理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2013年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：从叙述学角度切入,分析商汤灭夏史实在《竹书纪年》、《帝王世纪》、《吕氏春秋》、《清华简》、《尚书》中载述的差异,并推断造成差异的原因在于文献的性质和叙述目的不同。同时,运用统计学方法,考察商汤灭夏的肇因、前期准备、战争过程在不同文献载述中所占比例,反观文献的叙述目的及特点,并确定《清华简·尹至》乃是后人追述伊尹功绩的文章。总结出史书类文献偏重叙述事件肇因,重视戒鉴意涵;政书类文献偏重全面概述和论说,缺乏细节;记言类文献以铭记个人功绩为目的,详记人物的优秀事迹,其余则少论及等特点。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of narratology, this paper analyzes the differences in the historical facts of Shang Tang in the years of the Bamboo Book, the Age of the Emperor, the Spring and Autumn of Lu, the simple of Tsinghua, and the Book of Shang. At the same time, we use statistical method to investigate the causes of summer destruction of Shang Tang, early preparation, and the proportion of war process in different literature. This paper reviews the narrative purpose and characteristics of the literature, and determines that "Qinghua Jian 路Yin Zhi" is the article in which later generations recall the achievements of Yi Yin. It is concluded that the historical literature emphasizes on the causes of the narrative events and attaches importance to the meaning of warning and discrimination. The literature of political books emphasizes on the overall overview and theory, lacking of details; With the aim of bearing in mind the personal merits, the literature of the memorizing language records the outstanding deeds of the characters, while the others seldom discuss the characteristics.
【作者单位】：山东大学文史哲研究院;
【基金】：国家社科基金资助项目“出土上古文学文献整理与研究”(10BZWO31)
【分类号】：K22;K877.5
【正文快照】： 商汤灭夏乃上古时期的重大历史事件,文献典籍颇多相关记载。其中较为完整和珍贵的是《吕氏春秋·慎大》、古本《竹书纪年》①、《帝王世纪》、《尚书·汤誓》②。近年出版的《清华大学藏战国竹简》(简称《清华简》),其中《尹至》亦载商汤灭夏之事,为他本所未见,为研究者提供

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