明清时期嘉陵江流域水旱灾害时空分布特征

发布时间：2018-02-27 02:09

本文关键词： 嘉陵江水灾旱灾时空分布明清时期　出处：《地理研究》2013年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在系统搜集、整理明清时期嘉陵江流域水旱灾害历史资料并对其进行量化统计分析的基础上,揭示了明清时期的500多年间嘉陵江流域水旱灾害存在如下特征:①水灾和旱灾频繁,而水灾略多于旱灾。两种灾害的发生频率分别为2.56年/次和3.03年/次;②水旱灾害主要发生在农历五、六、七月。在发生月份可考的灾害中,农历五、六、七月发生的旱灾超过了总数之半,水灾也达到水灾总数的69.5%;③涪江流域是水旱灾害发生最频繁的区域。涪江流域的水灾次数占嘉陵江流域水灾总数的31%,旱灾占嘉陵江流域的38%;④水旱灾害等级以一般性灾害和大灾害为主,特大灾害较少。明清时期嘉陵江流域的212次水灾中,一般性水灾147次,大水灾42次,特大水灾23次;所发生的179次旱灾中,一般性旱灾115次,大旱灾42次,特大旱灾22次;⑤森林覆盖率与水旱灾害的发生次数成反比例关系。本文所探讨的明清时期嘉陵江流域水旱灾害的时空分布特征对当前该区域的防灾减灾工作有重要的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:On the basis of systematically collecting, sorting out and quantifying the historical data of flood and drought disasters in Jialing River basin in Ming and Qing dynasties, this paper reveals the following characteristics of flood and drought disasters in Jialing River basin in more than 500 years of Ming and Qing dynasties as follows: frequent floods and droughts. The frequency of the two disasters was 2.56 years / time and 3.03 / times / time respectively, which mainly occurred on the fifth, sixth and July of the lunar calendar. Among the disasters that could be tested in the month, the fifth and sixth of the lunar calendar, In July the drought hit more than half the total. Floods also reached 69.5% of the total number of floods. The Fujiang River basin is the region with the most frequent flood and drought disasters. The number of floods in the Fuling River basin accounts for 31% of the total number of floods in the Jialing River basin, and drought accounts for 38% of the total flood disaster in the Jialing River basin. Disasters and major disasters, Of the 212 floods in the Jialing River basin in the Ming and Qing dynasties, 147 were general floods, 42 were major floods and 23 were major floods; of the 179 droughts, 115 were general droughts and 42 were major droughts. The forest coverage rate of 22 times of severe drought is inversely proportional to the frequency of flood and drought disasters. The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of flood and drought disasters in Jialing River basin in Ming and Qing dynasties are of great significance for reference to the current disaster prevention and mitigation work in this area.
【作者单位】：西南大学历史文化学院历史地理研究所;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(09YJA770054) 国家社会科学基金项目(12BZS033)
【分类号】：K248;P426.616

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