宋代畜牧业研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 12:25

本文选题：宋代　切入点：畜牧业　出处：《河南大学》2007年博士论文

【摘要】： 宋代是我国古代社会经济的高度发展时期,作为经济的重要组成部分,畜牧业为其发展作出了贡献。宋代畜牧业与前代及周边少数民族政权相比有萎缩的一面,但在许多领域仍在继续发展,主要表现在数量,尤其是饲养管理技术方面有明显的进步。宋政府非常重视畜牧业的发展,从中央到地方设置了较为完备的管理机构。为保障畜牧业和谐有序的发展,宋政府还颁布了一系列律令措施,约束和规范牧养管理人员的行为,保证畜牧业的良性发展。在政府的重视下,宋代官营畜牧业有了较大发展,监牧养马数量也曾一度达到20多万,牛、羊等牲畜的饲养也得到了空前发展。私营畜牧业更是硕果累累,相当兴盛。畜牧业作为副业而存在,成为农村经济的重要来源之一。宋代的畜牧技术也有了飞速发展,牲畜的饲养技术、品种改良技术、兽医技术、相畜技术等得到了显著提高。宋代培育和引进了不少畜禽新品种,如广东英州的乳羊、两浙一带的胡羊,京东的鲁鸡、岭南的长鸣鸡等。家畜的繁殖采用了人工辅助交配技术,家禽的孵化上,发明了利用温水、温火提高温度的人工孵化技术。这些技术在我国古代历史上尚属首创,大大促进了畜牧业的发展。畜牧业是宋代经济不可分割的重要组成部分,为农业和交通运输业提供了畜力,为军事工业和手工业提供了原料,为餐饮业提供了肉、蛋、奶等产品,为医疗卫生事业提供了名贵的药材。宋代畜牧业的兴盛又促进了牲畜贸易、屠宰业、餐饮业、军器制造业、皮革加工业、毛纺织业、造酒业、制笔业的迅速发展,从而促进了宋代商品经济的繁荣。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the economy, animal husbandry contributed to the development of the Song Dynasty, which was a period of high social and economic development in ancient China. Compared with the previous dynasties and the surrounding minority regimes, the animal husbandry of the Song Dynasty had a shrinking side. But it is still developing in many fields, mainly in quantity, especially in raising and managing technology. The Song government attached great importance to the development of animal husbandry, and set up relatively complete management institutions from the central to the local level. In order to ensure the harmonious and orderly development of animal husbandry, the Song government also issued a series of legal measures to restrict and standardize the behavior of pastoral managers and ensure the benign development of animal husbandry. Under the attention of the government, the official animal husbandry in the Song Dynasty had a great development, and the number of horses in prison was once more than 200,000, and the raising of cattle, sheep and other livestock had also been developed unprecedentedly. Private animal husbandry is fruitful, quite prosperous. As a sideline, animal husbandry has become one of the important sources of rural economy. The livestock husbandry technology of the Song Dynasty also developed rapidly, and the raising technology of livestock, the variety improvement technology, the veterinary technique and the livestock technology were greatly improved. In the Song Dynasty, many new breeds of livestock and poultry were cultivated and introduced, such as the dairy sheep in Yingzhou, Guangdong Province. Hu Sheep, JingDong's Lu Chicken, Lingnan Changming Chicken, etc. Artificial assisted mating techniques were used to breed domestic animals. In the hatching of poultry, the use of warm water was invented. Artificial hatching techniques for raising temperature by warm fire, which are the first in the history of China, have greatly promoted the development of animal husbandry. Animal husbandry was an integral part of the economy of the Song Dynasty. It provided animal power for agriculture and transportation, raw materials for military and handicraft industries, meat, eggs, milk and other products for the catering industry. The prosperity of animal husbandry in the Song Dynasty also promoted the rapid development of livestock trade, slaughtering industry, catering industry, military equipment manufacturing industry, leather processing industry, wool textile industry, wine making industry, and pen making industry. Thus promoting the prosperity of commodity economy in Song Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K244

【引证文献】