论清代乡约职能演变的复杂性

发布时间：2018-04-03 21:40

本文选题：清代　切入点：乡约　出处：《求是学刊》2013年02期

【摘要】：清代内地的乡约和西南汉族聚居地区的乡约普遍经历了由教化向行政管理的职能演变,而少数民族乡约和东北新兴垦区的乡约则在设置之初就被赋予了基层行政管理职能。清代乡约的职能演变不仅导致乡约类型和行政型乡约功能的多样化,而且引起教化型乡约和行政型乡约在同一地区同时并存。清代乡约的职能演变之所以呈现出地域性和多样性,与清代官府对基层社会控制程度、地方主流社会势力和基层社会权力体系三者的地区差异有关。清代乡约职能演变的复杂性,既反映了清代乡约在基层社会中的适应性,又体现了清代国家控制基层社会方式的灵活性。清代的国家权力正是通过乡约灵活多变的职能演变向乡村社会深层渗透。
[Abstract]:In the Qing Dynasty, the rural conventions in the inland areas and the areas inhabited by the Han nationality in southwest China generally experienced the function evolution from education to administration, while the rural conventions of the minority nationalities and the new reclamation areas of northeast China were entrusted with the functions of basic administrative management at the beginning of their establishment.The evolution of the functions of the rural conventions in Qing Dynasty not only led to the diversification of the functions of the rural conventions and the administrative ones, but also led to the coexistence of the civilized and the administrative ones in the same area.The evolution of the function of the rural covenant in Qing Dynasty shows regional and diversity, which is related to the regional differences among the local mainstream social forces and the grass-roots social power system, as well as the degree of government control over the grass-roots society in the Qing Dynasty.The complexity of the evolution of the rural contract function in the Qing Dynasty reflects not only the adaptability of the rural covenant in the grass-roots society in the Qing Dynasty, but also the flexibility of the state control of the grass-roots social mode in the Qing Dynasty.The state power of the Qing Dynasty infiltrated into the rural society through the flexible and changeable functions of the countryside.
【作者单位】：河南大学中国古代史研究中心;
【基金】：教育部项目“清代乡约行政组织化研究”,项目编号:09YJA770012 国家社科基金项目“明清乡约职能演变研究”,项目编号:12BZS038 河南省教育厅人文社科基地项目“明清乡约职能转型研究”,项目编号:2011-JD-024
【分类号】：D691;K249

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