清代耕地数据恢复重建方法与实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 05:38

本文选题：历史时期　切入点：册载田亩　出处：《地理学报》2013年02期

【摘要】：本文尝试构建一套适用于清代耕地数据的修正校验体系,以清代官方册载田亩数据为基础,采用人口基数和垦殖趋势进行检验和订正,通过替换、引用、衔接对比等方法进行数据修正,重建清代耕地数据,以期为后续相关研究提供参考。在建立理论分析框架的基础上,本文以历史资料相对丰富的山东省为例,对清代山东省的耕地数据进行修正与校验,结果表明:①清代山东省的册载田亩数据不实情况普遍,经要素法修正的数据虽然通过了人口检验,但未能通过垦殖趋势校验,有必要进行进一步的订正和校准;②在修正和校验过程中应综合考虑不同省份间垦殖政策、种植制度、自然条件等的差异,从修正系数到校验重点进行因时因地调整;③清前期山东省耕地增长主要受限于劳动力供给,耕地面积接近于劳动力供给线,随着人口的增长,耕地面积逐渐趋向于温饱线。同治以后,耕地面积开始低于温饱线,需要依靠粮食输入才能满足人口需求,山东省由粮食输出省变为粮食输入省。
[Abstract]:This paper attempts to construct a revised check system suitable for the data of cultivated land in Qing Dynasty. Based on the data of farmland in official records of Qing Dynasty, the population base and the trend of reclamation are used to test and revise, and by replacing, quoting, quoting,Data revision and reconstruction of cultivated land data in Qing Dynasty are carried out by means of cohesion and contrast, in order to provide reference for follow-up research.On the basis of establishing the theoretical analysis frame, taking Shandong Province, which has abundant historical data, as an example, this paper corrects and verifies the cultivated land data of Shandong Province in Qing Dynasty.Although the data amended by the element method have passed the population test, they have failed to pass the calibration of cultivation trends. 2 / it is necessary to further revise and calibrate the data. In the process of revision and calibration, comprehensive consideration should be given to the cultivation policy and planting system among different provinces.The difference between natural conditions and so on, from the correction coefficient to the verification focus, is mainly restricted by the supply of labor, the area of cultivated land is close to the supply line of labor, and with the increase of population, the increase of cultivated land in Shandong Province in the early period of Qing Dynasty is mainly limited by the supply of labor.The area of cultivated land is gradually tending to the line of food and clothing.After the same treatment, the cultivated land area began to be lower than the line of food and clothing, which needed to rely on the grain input to meet the population demand. Shandong Province changed from a grain export province to a grain import province.
【作者单位】：南京大学地理与海洋科学学院;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CB952001)~~
【分类号】：K249;F301.21

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