清代汉江上游的商品流通与市场体系

发布时间：2018-04-14 20:32

本文选题：汉江上游 + 商品流通　；参考：《西北大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：清以前的汉中、兴安两府俱系封禁之区，山高林密，地广人稀。明末清初大批流民涌入两地，康、乾时期政府又招徕流民鼓励开荒垦田，使两地人口剧增，经济得到初步开发。高产粮食作物的引进和粮食单产的提高为清代两府商品经济发展打下了重要的物质基础。乾隆时期两府的商品生产开始兴盛，主要分为两大类，一类是商品性经济作物的种植，主要有：蚕丝、棉花、茶叶、烟草、药材、漆；另一类是手工业品生产，包括木材、铁制品、纸、木耳等。两府地区与江汉经济区联系密切，，生产的土特产品和手工业品大部分顺汉水运往汉口一带，再转销全国乃至南洋；同时两府又是川、甘、秦三省的货物转运中心，是三省商品进出江汉经济区乃至东南经济区的货物码头之一。在商品经济逐渐繁盛过程中，两府形成了等级市场体系，基层市场为集镇，各县(厅)府为中间市场，兴安、汉中府治毫无疑问的成为中心市场。形成这种等级体系的主导因素是交通优先的原则，沿汉江两岸分布的各市场中心的等级体系与他们行政等级重合，这部分是由于两府地区的商品经济发展不够充分。
[Abstract]:Before the Qing Dynasty in Hanzhong, Xingan and the two provinces are closed areas, mountains and forests, the land is sparse.In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, a large number of displaced people poured into the two places. During the period of Kang and Qian, the government encouraged the displaced to open up wasteland and reclaim land, so that the population of the two places increased dramatically and the economy was preliminarily developed.The introduction of high-yield grain crops and the improvement of grain yield laid an important material foundation for the development of commodity economy in Qing Dynasty.During the Qianlong period, the commodity production of the two prefectures began to flourish and was mainly divided into two categories. One was the cultivation of commercial cash crops, mainly silk, cotton, tea, tobacco, medicinal materials and lacquer; the other was the production of handicraft products, including wood.Iron products, paper, fungus, etc.The two provinces are closely linked to the Jianghan Economic Zone. Most of the local products and handicraft products produced are transported along the Han River to Hankou for resale to the whole country and even to the Nanyang. At the same time, the two provinces are also the freight forwarding centers of the three provinces of Sichuan, Gansu, and Qin.It is one of the cargo terminals in and out of Jianghan Economic Zone and Southeast Economic Zone.In the process of the prosperity of commodity economy, the two governments have formed a hierarchical market system, the grassroots market is market towns, the counties (departments) are the middle market, Xingan, Hanzhong government has undoubtedly become the central market.The dominant factor to form this grade system is the principle of traffic priority. The hierarchy system of the market centers distributed along the two sides of the Hanjiang River coincides with their administrative levels, which is partly due to the insufficient development of commodity economy in the two provinces.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K249

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