高平陵政变研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 23:17

本文选题：司马懿 + 曹爽　；参考：《山东大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文分五个部分进行论述。本文第一部分，论述了司马懿是三国时期著名的政治家、军事家、谋略家，是西晋王朝的奠基人。曹魏的军屯是由司马懿建议创立的。上邦一带和淮河流域的两个军屯基地的建立，不仅减轻了人民的军粮负担和运送军粮的徭役负担，它们还为以后中原王朝灭蜀吞吴、统一全国提供了物质条件。司马懿参与、领导过许多战争，通晓战争规律，在他领导的多数战役中，都能克敌致胜。司马懿还以老谋深算著称，也是以谋略见长的人物。司马懿的大谋略大手笔，是他用十多年的时间建立的上邦一带和淮河流域的两大军屯基地，这两大军屯基地为中原政权吞灭蜀、吴奠定了坚实的物质基础。曹爽主政曹魏期间都执行了哪些政策，对曹魏政权起到了什么作用?这是本文第二部分所论述的内容。244年，曹爽兴兵伐蜀，，大败而归。什么原因促使曹爽伐蜀一败涂地呢?我认为，曹爽伐蜀时，蜀国正当颇为能干的蒋琬、费樟掌权，政治修明，内部团结，军国之事皆处置得宜。在这种情况下，即使任命杰出的将领来灭掉有天险可凭的蜀汉也是困难的，何况曹爽、夏侯玄都是缺乏军事才干的人，他们失败更是必然的。曹爽辅政期间，政治上腐化、伐蜀失败、改革改得一塌糊涂，都是十分糟糕的。造成这种情况的主要原因是由于曹爽集团核心人物自身的素质差，缺乏政治远见。曹爽兄弟是不懂军事和政治的纨绔子弟，主持工作的核心人物何晏、邓飚、丁谧、桓范等，都不是干练的政治家。司马懿发动高平陵政变，从当时整个政治形势与力量对比来看，确实是一个极其大胆和冒险的行动，实无必胜把握。但为什么他最终能取得胜利呢?本文第三部分详细叙述了政变的经过，并回答了上述问题。(一) 司马懿战功赫赫，政治形象好，是“朝廷之望”。(二) 司马懿外表给人一种谦恭退让的感觉，内心阴险毒辣。(三) 命司马师“阴养死士三千”，对朝中官员极力拉拢。(四) 策划周密、举措得当。而曹爽不懂政治，视政治为儿戏；没有治国治军的经验，处事优柔寡断，又不能采纳正确建议，最终落得夷三族的下场。本文第四部分重点分析了曹爽集团和司马懿集团的成员构成情况。曹爽集团
[Abstract]:This article is divided into five parts to discuss. The first part discusses that Sima Yi was a famous statesman, strategist and strategist in the three Kingdoms period, and was the founder of the Western Jin Dynasty. Cao Wei's military village was founded by Sima Yi. The establishment of two military bases in Shangbang and the Huaihe River basin not only lightened the military grain burden and the corvee burden of transporting military grain, but also provided material conditions for the later Central Plains Dynasty to destroy Shu and swallow Wu and unify the whole country. Sima Yi participated in many wars and knew the laws of war. In most of the campaigns he led, he was able to defeat the enemy. Sima Yi is also known for his resourcefulness and strategy. Sima Yi's great strategy is the two military bases in Shangbang area and Huaihe River Basin, which he established for more than ten years. These two bases were swallowed up by the Central Plains regime, and Wu laid a solid material foundation. What policies have been implemented during Cao Shuang's administration of the Wei Dynasty, and what role have they played on the regime of the Wei Dynasty? This is the content of the second part of this article. 244, Cao Shuang Xing troops Shu, defeat and return. What causes Cao Shuang to defeat Shu? In my opinion, when Cao Shuang felled Shu, Shu was quite capable of Jiang Wan, Fei Zhang in power, political repair, internal unity, military affairs are handled properly. Under such circumstances, it would be difficult to appoint outstanding generals to destroy Shu Han, who had a natural danger to rely on. Moreover, Cao Shuang and Hou Hou were all lack of military talent, and their failure was even more inevitable. During the period of Cao Shuang's auxiliary government, the political corruption, the defeat of Shu and the transformation of reform were all very bad. The main reason for this is the poor quality and lack of political foresight of the core characters of Cao Shuang Group. Cao Shuang's brothers are dandy who do not understand military and political affairs. The core figures of the work, such as he Yan, Deng Biao, Ding Mi, Huanfan and so on, are not capable politicians. Sima Yi's coup d'etat at Gao Pingling was an extremely bold and adventurous act in terms of the whole political situation and the balance of power at that time. But why did he end up winning? The third part of this paper describes the process of the coup in detail, and answers the above questions. (1) Sima Yi's outstanding achievements in war and his good political image are the "hope of the court." Sima Yi's appearance gives a sense of humility and abdication, and his heart is sinister. (3) ordered Sima Shi to "support the dead three thousand", and tried hard to win over the Chinese officials. (4) well-planned and appropriate measures should be taken. Cao Shuang did not understand politics and regarded politics as a play; he had no experience of governing the country and the army, was indecisive in handling affairs, and could not adopt correct suggestions, and eventually ended up with three ethnic groups. The fourth part focuses on the composition of Cao Shuang Group and Sima Yi Group. Cao Shuang Group
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K236.1

【引证文献】