汉（前赵）、后赵、前秦立国短促的原因

发布时间：2018-05-03 08:27

本文选题：部落组织 + 坞壁组织　；参考：《山西大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】： 十六国政权存在的时间都极其短暂，形成一个具有共性的历史现象。本文突破前人单个研究十六国政权的旧模式，选取汉(前赵)、后赵、前秦三个一脉相承的政权作为一个研究单元，从政治体制着眼，论证此期北方地区长期存在着由少数民族酋长统领的部落组织、汉族大族建立的坞堡组织、流徙不定的流民组织，形成三个不稳定的动乱因素。这些群体组织，在少数民族政权强大军事压力下，可以与当局实现暂时的合作，而当少数民族政权削弱的时候，它们便转化为公开分裂的力量。更重要的是，，这些组织吸纳了大量的少数民族和汉族人口，致使国家齐民编户相对减少，使汉(前赵)、后赵、前秦未能在全国范围内建立与中央集权相契合、适合长期统治的地方行政体制——郡县制，从而造成这三个政权短命的历史结局。此观点也适应于十六国时期的其他少数民族政权，因此，此观点具有理论意义，为认识十六国政治史提供了一个新视角。
[Abstract]:The existence of the 16-nation regime is extremely short, forming a common historical phenomenon. This paper breaks through the old model of previous research on the regime of sixteen states, and selects three successive regimes of Han Dynasty (pre-Zhao, post-Zhao and pre-Qin) as a research unit, starting from the political system. It is demonstrated that there are three unstable factors in this period: tribal organizations led by minority chiefs, Wubao organizations established by Han ethnic groups, and displaced people organizations. These groups, under strong military pressure from ethnic regimes, can cooperate temporarily with the authorities, and when minority regimes weaken, they turn into openly divisive forces. More importantly, these organizations absorbed a large number of ethnic and Han populations, resulting in a relative decrease in the number of households compiled by the people of Qi, which resulted in the failure of the Han Dynasty (pre-Zhao, post-Zhao, pre-Qin) to establish a nationwide integration with centralization of power. The local administrative system, the county system, suitable for long-term rule, resulted in the short-lived historical outcome of these three regimes. Therefore, this viewpoint has theoretical significance and provides a new perspective for understanding the political history of 16 states.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K238

【引证文献】