多样形态与通用话语:宋朝在朝贡活动中对“四夷怀服”的营造

发布时间：2018-08-20 14:32

【摘要】：宋朝将朝贡体系分为羁縻各族、朝廷和藩镇关系的境外政权、宗藩体制下国家关系的境外诸国三个层次,朝贡诸国从各自视角,对宋朝的认识可分为与宋朝交往及在本国内基本遵守朝贡制度、与宋朝交往时形式上遵守朝贡制度而在国内自行一套、因地域辽远和文化差异而不理解及不遵守朝贡制度三种形态。但宋朝将辽金以外所有民族和国家与宋朝的关系都视为朝贡关系,使用同样的华夷君臣话语。这既是自称中华正统的宋朝用以证明自己对天下秩序的规定权及其对所有朝贡者的普遍适用性,又是与其国内政治话语相统一,在国内政治中证明宋朝皇帝的华夷共主身份。对多样形态使用通用话语,营造"四夷怀服"的朝贡秩序,看似虚幻,实则有重要的政治意义。
[Abstract]:The Song Dynasty divided the tributary system into three levels: Jimi ethnic groups, foreign regimes in the relationship between the court and the town, and the overseas states under the suzerain-vassal system. The understanding of the Song Dynasty can be divided into communication with the Song Dynasty and the basic observance of the tributary system in their own country, and the formal adherence to the tributary system in the form of exchanges with the Song Dynasty, and their own set in the country. Because of geographical distance and cultural differences, do not understand and do not abide by the three forms of tributary system. However, the Song Dynasty regarded the relations between all nationalities and countries other than Liao and Jin dynasties and Song Dynasty as tributary relations, and used the same words of the monarch and minister of Huayi. This is not only the self-proclaimed Chinese orthodoxy of the Song Dynasty to prove its right to the order of the world and its universal applicability to all the tributes, but also the unity of its domestic political discourse, which proves in the domestic politics that the emperor of the Song Dynasty is the master of the Communist Party of China. It seems illusory to use common words to construct the tributary order of "four Yi Huai Fu", but it has important political significance.
【作者单位】：上海师范大学历史系;
【分类号】：K244

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