吐蕃职官管理制度之宗教因素考析

发布时间：2019-01-01 12:44

【摘要】：吐蕃王朝的社会管理模式的形成,既受到赞普时期苯教及其文化心理的影响,又因全面接触佛教文化而受到影响。通过对藏文典籍的梳理,还可以发现佛教文化在借助苯教神灵及吐蕃本土文化赢得吐蕃社会普遍认可的同时,佛教僧人也继承了原来苯教僧人在社会中的地位,开始在赞普王庭中担任低级官员,获得了象征官僚身份的低级告身,但这些官职多与其宗教职能相关,尚未真正职掌管理事务。佛教僧人地位提升直到能够参与王朝重大事务的决策,经历了由一般僧侣到贵族身份的转化过程,即首先通过合法的方式获得相当规模的经济财产,继而争取到只有贵族才能拥有的高级告身,最终成为左右王朝社会管理与社会控制的主要力量,同时,也实现了宗教文化与世俗管理的全面结合,为吐蕃王朝及其后世社会制度走向政教合一奠定了文化基础与制度模式。
[Abstract]:The formation of the social management model of the Tubo Dynasty was influenced not only by the benzene religion and its cultural psychology during the Zampu period, but also by the overall contact with the Buddhist culture. By combing through the Tibetan classics, it can also be found that the Buddhist culture has won the universal recognition of the Tibetan society with the help of the Buddhist gods and native Tibetan culture, and the Buddhist monks have also inherited the position of the original benzene monks in the society. He began to serve as a junior official in Zamp Wang Ting and received a low profile as a symbol of bureaucracy, but many of these positions were related to his religious functions and had not yet taken charge of real affairs. Buddhist monks rose until they were able to take part in the important decisions of the dynasty and underwent a process of transformation from a general monk to a nobleman, that is to say, they first acquired considerable economic property through legal means. Then he won over the high class that only the aristocrats could possess, and eventually became the main force in the social management and social control of the dynasty. At the same time, it also realized the comprehensive integration of religious culture and secular management. It laid a cultural foundation and system model for the Tubo Dynasty and its later generations.
【作者单位】：西北民族大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“吐蕃王朝职官管理制度研究”(09BZS039) 国家民委科研项目“唐代吐蕃历史军事地理研究”(09XB07)
【分类号】：K242;D691.42

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