东魏北齐国家权力结构新论——以怀朔镇勋贵任官为中心

发布时间：2019-03-09 10:45

【摘要】：从对怀朔镇勋贵群体任官的统计分析看,东魏北齐国家军政最核心、最重要的权力,基本上被高欢及北齐诸帝授给高氏宗亲,怀朔镇勋贵群体在统治集团中的地位和权力仅次于高氏宗亲而高于其他派别。怀朔镇勋贵在六镇暴动时就跟随高欢东征西讨,拥有显赫的战功和资历,在由六镇鲜卑组成的东魏北齐军队中享有极高威望。这些均非年轻的高氏宗亲成员所能比。高欢及北齐诸帝虽将关键军政权力交给高氏宗亲,但高氏宗亲大多没有威望、资历和战功,很难离开怀朔镇勋贵单独领军作战。由此,怀朔镇勋贵仍然能够分享东魏北齐国家的一大部分军政实权,维持在东魏北齐统治集团中仅次于高氏宗亲的政治地位。同时,被授予军政大权的高氏宗亲在行驶权力时,也离不开怀朔镇勋贵的协助与支持。在长期的军事征战和政务处理中,高氏宗亲与原本就有姻亲和同乡关系的怀朔镇勋贵群体在军政事务上相互配合,这必然会对北齐诸帝的皇权产生直接威胁。因此,怀朔镇勋贵与高氏宗亲一样,成为高欢及北齐诸帝限制、猜忌、打压的主要对象。这是决定东魏北齐国家权力结构变动的主轴。
[Abstract]:From the statistical analysis of the officials of the noble group in Huaishuo Town, it can be seen that the central and most important power of the national military and political affairs in the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi dynasties was basically conferred by Gao Huan and the emperors of the Northern Qi Dynasty to the Kao clan relatives. The status and power of the Noble Group in Huaishuo Town was higher than that of other factions after the Kao clan. At the time of the six-town uprising, the honours of Huaishuo town followed Gao Huandong to seek for the west, with outstanding martial arts and qualifications, and enjoyed great prestige in the army of the east Wei and Bei Qi, which was composed of six towns of Xianbei. These are all beyond the reach of the young members of the Gao clan. Gao Huan and the emperors of the Northern Qi Dynasty handed over the key military and political power to the Kao clan, but most of the Gao clan had no prestige, seniority and merit, and it was very difficult to lead the battle alone in the town of Huaishuo. As a result, Huishuo Town was able to share a large part of the military and political power of the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi countries, maintaining the political position second only to the Gao clan in the ruling group of the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi dynasties. At the same time, the Kao clan, who was given military and political power, could not do without the assistance and support of Huashuo. In the long-term military campaign and government affairs, the Kao clan and the noble group in Huaishuo Town, which had the relations of in-laws and fellow-townships, cooperated with each other in the military and political affairs, which would inevitably threaten the imperial power of the Northern Qi emperors directly. As a result, Huishuo Town, like the Kao family, became the main object of restriction, suspicion and suppression of the emperors of Gao Huan and Bei Qi dynasties. This is the main axis that determines the state power structure change in the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi.
【作者单位】：江苏师范大学历史文化与旅游学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目“5~6世纪北边六镇豪强酋帅社会地位演变研究”(11CZS022)阶段性成果江苏省教育厅“青蓝工程”资助(编号12QLG005)
【分类号】：K239.2

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