“大跃进”时期河北省水库民工生活研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 19:43

本文选题：水库建设　切入点：民工　出处：《河北大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水利建设,是农业发展中的一个重要保障。新中国成立后,国家为了防灾减灾和发展农业生产,一直大力发展各类水利设施建设。“大跃进”时期的水利建设更是达到顶峰,由于特殊的政治、文化氛围,这一时期的水利建设出现了不一样的面貌,在“大干一冬春。基本根治海河”的思想指导下,河北省几十万民工顶严寒、冒烈日,在后勤物资保障匮乏的情况下,短时间内建成了十余座大型水库,上百座中型水库和不计其数的小型水库。虽然这些水库建设由于施工仓促存在一些问题,但不可否认的是,它们对该地区的防洪除涝、农业灌溉及城市供水起了很大的积极作用,而这正是当时的农民工在极为艰苦的条件下奋力拼搏的结果。在水库工地上,由于粮食供应不足,机械设施的匮乏,很多民工在吃不饱、穿不暖的条件下,不仅要应付繁重的超负荷体力劳动,还要参加政治学习、接受思想教育等。在严苛的环境下,也出现了一系列基层民工逃跑、怠工、多占粮食的现象。面对水库建设工地上民工们的实际困难,各水库采取了自办工厂、超额配给粮食等手段试图缓解矛盾。通过水利管理政策的制定与调整,和基层民工的生活的展示,再现当时上级与下级的博弈过程,并从“自下而上”的视角展现了“大跃进”时期水库工地民工的生活状况,为了解民工的行为寻求规律,思考如何处理上级与民众、国家与基层社会的关系。
[Abstract]:Water conservancy construction is an important guarantee in agricultural development. Since the founding of New China, the state has been vigorously developing all kinds of water conservancy facilities in order to prevent and reduce disaster and develop agricultural production. The construction of water conservancy during the "Great Leap forward" period has reached its peak. Due to the special political and cultural atmosphere, the construction of water conservancy in this period appeared a different look. Under the guidance of the idea of "doing one winter and one spring, basically controlling the Haihe River," hundreds of thousands of migrant workers in Hebei Province were suffering from severe cold and burning sun. In the absence of logistical and material support, more than a dozen large reservoirs, hundreds of medium-sized ones and countless small ones have been built in a short period of time. Although there are some problems in the construction of these reservoirs due to the haste of construction, it is undeniable that, They played a significant role in flood prevention and waterlogging, agricultural irrigation and urban water supply in the region, which was the result of the struggle of the migrant workers in those days under extremely difficult conditions. On the reservoir site, because of the shortage of food supplies, With the lack of mechanical facilities, many migrant workers not only have to cope with heavy and overloaded physical labor, but also take part in political studies and receive ideological education under the conditions of inadequate food and clothing. There has also been a series of phenomena of grass-roots migrant workers running away, working idle and taking up more food. In the face of the practical difficulties of the migrant workers on reservoir construction sites, each reservoir has adopted its own factories. Through the formulation and adjustment of water conservancy management policies and the demonstration of the lives of grass-roots migrant workers, the game process between the superiors and the subordinates at that time was reproduced. From the perspective of "bottom-up", this paper shows the living conditions of the migrant workers on the reservoir site during the "Great Leap forward" period, in order to find out the law of the behavior of the migrant workers, and consider how to deal with the relationship between the superior and the public, the state and the grass-roots society.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K27

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