民国时期上海总商会商品陈列所研究
发布时间：2018-10-18 14:40
【摘要】：商品陈列是伴随着近代资本主义和世界贸易发展而提出的一个新兴概念,商品种类的繁多和工业的专门化发展,使得分类陈列成为一种必须,各区域和各个国家的货物聚集在一起,按照某种能够促进商家比较和人们观赏的方式进行陈列。清廷自甲午海战后,迫于国内外压力,自上而下进行了各项新政改革,商品陈列所在商部的支持与各省督抚的协办下如火如荼地大力兴办起来,上海商务总会作为一个民间机构,在1905年提出了建立商品陈列所作为其附属机构,但由于上海总商会经费短绌和人员繁冗拖沓,上海总商会商品陈列所在1921年建成后,经历了三个阶段。第一阶段为1921年到1937年上海沦陷,在此阶段,商品陈列所人员积极奔走呼号,为近代上海以至中国商业的发展做出了一些成就,通过举办各种富有特色的综合和专门展览会来促进当时人们对优良国货的认识以及通过比较改良国货,扩大市场份额；通过在商品陈列所内部建立售品部和国货商场,沟通商家和顾客,为二者提供了一个选择的平台,陈列所内部机构设置的多元化也促进了国货的销售,在服务于国内商家和顾客的同时,外商也通过商品陈列所了解中国市场,问询并且选购中国优良国货,上海总商会还与外商展开了民间外交,促进了贸易的发展和经济文化的交流；对国货标准问题的讨论与实践,更加明晰了何为国货,商品陈列所严格把关国货证明书的发放,使得很多充斥市场的伪国货露出了真面目,一些商人为了谋取更多利润,把洋货进行一些伪装当国货卖,自从国民政府厘清国货标准后,商品陈列所被授权发放国货证明书。第二阶段为上海被日军占领,上海总商会商品陈列所被日军扫荡,很多设施毁坏。第三阶段为商品陈列所重新启动时期,启动工作也是一项繁琐持续推进的工作,陈列所新老员工付出了很多精力和时间,抗战期间和抗战胜利之后,国民党各大日报和一些商家占据了商品陈列所各楼层,这些工作步履维艰,无异于重新建立,是一项浩繁的工程。 通过对商品陈列所的研究,可以窥见近代中国商业发展运作模式、经济社会变迁和人们心理转变的种种细节。国货与洋货的竞争,促进了近代中国民族企业的创新发展,一些优秀的国货品牌地位至今还在消费者的心中岿然不动,有了洋货的外部竞争,加之内部本身的大胆尝试新发明和新科技,都促进了近代民族资本主义的发展。当时人们对国货的认知以及崇洋媚外心理对商品陈列所人员也是一项极大的挑战,人们对参展的有关生理模型的羞愧以至觉得伤风败俗。扭转人们这些观念需要更优质的国货出现,而这个目标的实现在近代中国是多么的困难,习惯、风俗和固化的心理一旦形成,就很难在短时间内做出改变,是商品陈列所通过一次次的举办展览会,还有国货商场的开办,都在无形当中改变着人们的心理。
[Abstract]:Commodity display is a new concept put forward along with the development of modern capitalism and world trade. The variety of goods and the specialized development of industry make the classified display a necessity. Goods from different regions and countries gather together and display in a way that promotes comparison and viewing. After the Sino-Japanese naval war, the Qing government, under pressure from home and abroad, carried out various New deal reforms from top to bottom. With the support of the Ministry of Commerce, where the goods were displayed, and with the help of provincial governors, the Qing government set up a vigorous effort to do so in full swing. The Shanghai Chamber of Commerce, as a non-governmental organization, proposed the establishment of a commodity display house as its subsidiary organization in 1905. However, due to the shortage of funds and heavy personnel of the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce, the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce's commodity display was established in 1921. It went through three stages. The first stage was the fall of Shanghai from 1921 to 1937. In this stage, the staff of the commodity display office actively went about calling for the development of modern Shanghai and even Chinese commerce. Through the organization of various distinctive comprehensive and specialized exhibitions to promote people's understanding of good domestic goods at that time and to expand market share through comparative improvement of domestic goods, and through the establishment of sales departments and domestic stores within commodity display houses, Communicating with merchants and customers provides a platform for the two to choose. The diversity of institutional settings within the display offices also promotes the sale of domestic goods. While serving domestic businesses and customers, foreign businessmen also understand the Chinese market through commodity displays. The Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce has also launched folk diplomacy with foreign businessmen to promote the development of trade and economic and cultural exchanges. The discussion and practice on the standard of domestic goods have made it more clear what is a domestic product. The issuance of certificates of domestic goods strictly guarded by the commodity display offices has made many fake domestic goods flooded with the market reveal their true colors. In order to make more profits, some businessmen sell foreign goods in disguise as domestic goods. Since the National Government clarified the standards of domestic goods, commodity display offices have been authorized to issue certificates of domestic goods. The second stage was the Japanese occupation of Shanghai, the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce merchandise display was swept up by the Japanese army, many facilities were destroyed. The third stage is the period of restarting the commodity display, and the start-up work is also a tedious and continuous work. The new and old staff of the display office have spent a lot of energy and time during and after the War of Resistance against Japan. KMT daily newspapers and some merchants occupied the floors of the display houses, and the work was a huge undertaking, no less than a re-establishment. Through the research of the commodity display house, we can see all kinds of details of modern China's commercial development mode, economic and social change and people's psychological change. The competition between domestic goods and foreign goods has promoted the innovation and development of Chinese national enterprises in modern times. Some outstanding brand status of domestic goods is still standing still in the minds of consumers, and there is external competition for foreign goods. In addition, the internal bold attempt, new inventions and new technologies have promoted the development of modern national capitalism. At that time, people's cognition of domestic goods and adoration of foreign countries were also a great challenge to the staff of the display office. People were so ashamed of the relevant physiological models of the exhibitors that they felt bad about the customs. Reversing these ideas requires the emergence of better domestic products, and how difficult it is to achieve this goal in modern China. Once habits, customs, and solidified psychology are formed, it is difficult to make changes in a short period of time. It is the display of goods through the holding of exhibitions, as well as the opening of domestic shopping malls, in the invisible changes in people's psychology.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K258
本文编号：2279435
[Abstract]:Commodity display is a new concept put forward along with the development of modern capitalism and world trade. The variety of goods and the specialized development of industry make the classified display a necessity. Goods from different regions and countries gather together and display in a way that promotes comparison and viewing. After the Sino-Japanese naval war, the Qing government, under pressure from home and abroad, carried out various New deal reforms from top to bottom. With the support of the Ministry of Commerce, where the goods were displayed, and with the help of provincial governors, the Qing government set up a vigorous effort to do so in full swing. The Shanghai Chamber of Commerce, as a non-governmental organization, proposed the establishment of a commodity display house as its subsidiary organization in 1905. However, due to the shortage of funds and heavy personnel of the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce, the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce's commodity display was established in 1921. It went through three stages. The first stage was the fall of Shanghai from 1921 to 1937. In this stage, the staff of the commodity display office actively went about calling for the development of modern Shanghai and even Chinese commerce. Through the organization of various distinctive comprehensive and specialized exhibitions to promote people's understanding of good domestic goods at that time and to expand market share through comparative improvement of domestic goods, and through the establishment of sales departments and domestic stores within commodity display houses, Communicating with merchants and customers provides a platform for the two to choose. The diversity of institutional settings within the display offices also promotes the sale of domestic goods. While serving domestic businesses and customers, foreign businessmen also understand the Chinese market through commodity displays. The Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce has also launched folk diplomacy with foreign businessmen to promote the development of trade and economic and cultural exchanges. The discussion and practice on the standard of domestic goods have made it more clear what is a domestic product. The issuance of certificates of domestic goods strictly guarded by the commodity display offices has made many fake domestic goods flooded with the market reveal their true colors. In order to make more profits, some businessmen sell foreign goods in disguise as domestic goods. Since the National Government clarified the standards of domestic goods, commodity display offices have been authorized to issue certificates of domestic goods. The second stage was the Japanese occupation of Shanghai, the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce merchandise display was swept up by the Japanese army, many facilities were destroyed. The third stage is the period of restarting the commodity display, and the start-up work is also a tedious and continuous work. The new and old staff of the display office have spent a lot of energy and time during and after the War of Resistance against Japan. KMT daily newspapers and some merchants occupied the floors of the display houses, and the work was a huge undertaking, no less than a re-establishment. Through the research of the commodity display house, we can see all kinds of details of modern China's commercial development mode, economic and social change and people's psychological change. The competition between domestic goods and foreign goods has promoted the innovation and development of Chinese national enterprises in modern times. Some outstanding brand status of domestic goods is still standing still in the minds of consumers, and there is external competition for foreign goods. In addition, the internal bold attempt, new inventions and new technologies have promoted the development of modern national capitalism. At that time, people's cognition of domestic goods and adoration of foreign countries were also a great challenge to the staff of the display office. People were so ashamed of the relevant physiological models of the exhibitors that they felt bad about the customs. Reversing these ideas requires the emergence of better domestic products, and how difficult it is to achieve this goal in modern China. Once habits, customs, and solidified psychology are formed, it is difficult to make changes in a short period of time. It is the display of goods through the holding of exhibitions, as well as the opening of domestic shopping malls, in the invisible changes in people's psychology.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K258
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 沈惠芬;走向世界——晚清中国海关与1873年维也纳世界博览会[J];福建师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2004年04期
2 蒋伟国;近代中国国货团体初析[J];民国档案;1995年01期
3 魏爱文;清末商品赛会述评[J];贵州文史丛刊;2002年03期
4 沈惠芬;;晚清,中国参加国际博览述略[J];福建乡土;2002年01期
5 洪振强;;1928年中华国货展览会述论[J];华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版);2006年03期
6 朱英;;商会、博览会与近代中国社会变迁[J];华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版);2008年06期
7 付海晏;;展陈·营销·娱乐:1929年无锡国货展览会研究[J];华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版);2009年04期
8 虞和平;论清末民初中美商会的互访和合作[J];近代史研究;1988年03期
9 虞和平;民国初年经济法制建设述评[J];近代史研究;1992年04期
10 马敏;有关中国与巴拿马太平洋万国博览会的几点补充[J];近代史研究;1999年04期
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 李勇军;南京国民政府后期上海市商会研究（1945～1949）[D];华中师范大学;2007年
，本文编号：2279435
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/zgjxds/2279435.html
