改革开放二十年延安地区植树造林活动研究
发布时间：2019-01-09 13:42
【摘要】：林业资源是衡量生态文明的重要标志,植树造林是培育森林资源的基本环节,也是生态绿化的重要举措。延安地处黄土高原沟壑区,植被稀疏,是陕西省生态环境最为脆弱的地区之一。二十世纪五六十年代,延安地区的林业建设经历了曲折发展过程。改革开放后,在国家林业政策的引领下,延安地区开始大规模的植树造林活动,经过二十多年的努力,延安地区的林业建设取得了很大的成效。本文在整合《延安日报》、《延安地区林业志》及延安市档案馆林业资料的基础上,主要从以下四个方面对改革开放二十年延安地区的植树造林活动予以论述:首先,概述了建国后至改革开放前延安地区的植树造林活动。第一阶段是1949年至1957年,为延安地区植树造林的恢复时期;第二阶段是从1958年至1976年,这一时期历经了“大跃进”、“文革”,延安地区的林木资源遭到严重破坏;第三阶段是改革开放前后国家林业政策的恢复与调整时期。其次,全面梳理了改革开放二十多年来延安地区植树造林情况。一是育苗工作,大力加强苗圃建设,重点培养骨干苗圃;二是造林活动,主要由国营造林、集体造林、个人造林及义务植树四部分所组成;三是护林工作,通过森林防火、法律法规建设、病虫害防治工作,加强对林木资源的管护。再次,阐述了改革开放二十多年来延安地区植树造林活动取得的成效。经过二十多年的植树造林活动,不仅使得延安地区的绿化程度逐步提高,生态环境得以明显改善;同时,经济林木的大量栽种,促进了延安地区经济效益的提高;也为延安地区农林牧业协调发展奠定了良好的基础。这一时期延安地区的群众积极参与植树造林活动,出现了两次造林高潮,使延安地区的造林工作由单纯注重造林转变为造林管护并举。最后,阐释了改革开放二十年延安地区的植树造林活动所取得的经验启示。在生态环境日益突出的今天,我们不仅要兼顾经济效益与环境效益,也要在不断健全林业法律法规的过程中确保林业机构及林业政策的长久性。同时,继续发挥延安精神在植树造林活动中的重要作用,从而实现绿化延安的伟大目标。改革开放二十年来延安地区的植树造林活动,不仅改善了当地的生态环境,彰显了延安人的绿化精神,也为今后延安地区林业建设持续健康发展、延安创建国家园林城市及环保型城市提供一定的借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:Forestry resource is an important symbol to measure ecological civilization, afforestation is the basic link of cultivating forest resources, and it is also an important measure of ecological greening. Yan'an is located in the gully region of the Loess Plateau with sparse vegetation and is one of the most fragile ecological environment in Shaanxi Province. In the 1950s and 1960s, the forestry construction in Yan'an area experienced a tortuous development process. After the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the national forestry policy, large-scale afforestation activities began in Yanan area. After more than 20 years of efforts, the forestry construction in Yan'an area has achieved great results. On the basis of integrating "Yan'an Daily", "Forestry Records of Yan'an area" and forestry data of Yan'an City Archives, this paper mainly discusses afforestation activities in Yanan area for 20 years of reform and opening up from the following four aspects: first of all, The afforestation activities in Yanan area from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the reform and opening up were summarized. The first stage was from 1949 to 1957, and the second stage was from 1958 to 1976, which experienced "Great Leap forward" and "Cultural Revolution". The third stage is the period of restoration and adjustment of national forestry policy before and after reform and opening up. Secondly, the comprehensive combing of the reform and opening up more than 20 years of afforestation in Yanan area. First, raising seedlings, vigorously strengthening the construction of nurseries, focusing on cultivating backbone nurseries; second, afforestation activities, mainly composed of four parts: state-owned afforestation, collective afforestation, individual afforestation and voluntary tree planting; Third, forest protection, through forest fire prevention, laws and regulations construction, pest control work, strengthen the management of forest resources. Thirdly, the achievements of afforestation activities in Yan'an area since the reform and opening up over 20 years are expounded. After more than 20 years of afforestation activities, not only the greening degree of Yanan area was gradually improved, the ecological environment was obviously improved, but also a large number of economic trees were planted, which promoted the improvement of economic benefit in Yan'an area. It also laid a good foundation for the coordinated development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in Yan'an area. In this period, the people in Yanan area took an active part in afforestation activities, and there appeared two afforestation climaxes, which changed the afforestation work in Yan'an area from simply paying attention to afforestation management and conservation. Finally, the experience and enlightenment of afforestation activities in Yanan area during the past 20 years of reform and opening up are explained. Today, when the ecological environment is increasingly prominent, we should not only give consideration to economic and environmental benefits, but also ensure the longevity of forestry institutions and forestry policies in the process of continuously perfecting forestry laws and regulations. At the same time, the spirit of Yan'an should continue to play an important role in afforestation activities, so as to realize the great goal of greening Yan'an. The afforestation activities in Yanan area during the past 20 years of reform and opening up have not only improved the local ecological environment, highlighted the greening spirit of Yan'an people, but also continued the healthy development of forestry construction in Yan'an region in the future. Yan'an to establish a national garden city and environmental protection city to provide certain reference.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K27
本文编号：2405701
[Abstract]:Forestry resource is an important symbol to measure ecological civilization, afforestation is the basic link of cultivating forest resources, and it is also an important measure of ecological greening. Yan'an is located in the gully region of the Loess Plateau with sparse vegetation and is one of the most fragile ecological environment in Shaanxi Province. In the 1950s and 1960s, the forestry construction in Yan'an area experienced a tortuous development process. After the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the national forestry policy, large-scale afforestation activities began in Yanan area. After more than 20 years of efforts, the forestry construction in Yan'an area has achieved great results. On the basis of integrating "Yan'an Daily", "Forestry Records of Yan'an area" and forestry data of Yan'an City Archives, this paper mainly discusses afforestation activities in Yanan area for 20 years of reform and opening up from the following four aspects: first of all, The afforestation activities in Yanan area from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the reform and opening up were summarized. The first stage was from 1949 to 1957, and the second stage was from 1958 to 1976, which experienced "Great Leap forward" and "Cultural Revolution". The third stage is the period of restoration and adjustment of national forestry policy before and after reform and opening up. Secondly, the comprehensive combing of the reform and opening up more than 20 years of afforestation in Yanan area. First, raising seedlings, vigorously strengthening the construction of nurseries, focusing on cultivating backbone nurseries; second, afforestation activities, mainly composed of four parts: state-owned afforestation, collective afforestation, individual afforestation and voluntary tree planting; Third, forest protection, through forest fire prevention, laws and regulations construction, pest control work, strengthen the management of forest resources. Thirdly, the achievements of afforestation activities in Yan'an area since the reform and opening up over 20 years are expounded. After more than 20 years of afforestation activities, not only the greening degree of Yanan area was gradually improved, the ecological environment was obviously improved, but also a large number of economic trees were planted, which promoted the improvement of economic benefit in Yan'an area. It also laid a good foundation for the coordinated development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in Yan'an area. In this period, the people in Yanan area took an active part in afforestation activities, and there appeared two afforestation climaxes, which changed the afforestation work in Yan'an area from simply paying attention to afforestation management and conservation. Finally, the experience and enlightenment of afforestation activities in Yanan area during the past 20 years of reform and opening up are explained. Today, when the ecological environment is increasingly prominent, we should not only give consideration to economic and environmental benefits, but also ensure the longevity of forestry institutions and forestry policies in the process of continuously perfecting forestry laws and regulations. At the same time, the spirit of Yan'an should continue to play an important role in afforestation activities, so as to realize the great goal of greening Yan'an. The afforestation activities in Yanan area during the past 20 years of reform and opening up have not only improved the local ecological environment, highlighted the greening spirit of Yan'an people, but also continued the healthy development of forestry construction in Yan'an region in the future. Yan'an to establish a national garden city and environmental protection city to provide certain reference.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K27
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