明清时期河湟地区民族人口研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 05:20

本文选题：明清时期　切入点：河湟地区　出处：《兰州大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社会生产力比较低下的以农牧业为主要生业的封建社会里,人口的多少和盈缩变化是反映社会发展程度的重要标尺之一,河湟地区也不例外。按照马克思主义的观点,“人口数量和密度是社会内部分工的物质前提”。这说明人口是社会发展的基础,是社会物质财富和精神财富的创造者,当然也是民族文化的载体。区域民族人口研究是人口研究的重要组成部分,它既有人口学的基本共性,又有区域自然环境、人文环境共同影响下的独特个性。区域民族人口研究的展开,无论是古代人口研究还是现代人口研究,都可以为宏观人口研究提供微观见证和典型性个案,丰富了人口研究的内涵,从而避免了宏观人口研究在区域人口研究中面临的无力感和无助感。因此,推动区域人口研究,无疑会强有力的推动区域社会史研究的发展。由此,我们不能不谈起本研究区域：河湟地区。河湟地区是古代羌人的中心居住地区,但它深入地开发则是从西汉中期开始的,至今已有二千余年了。由于多种原因,这里的社会发展时紧时慢,或由牧变农,或由农返牧,或烽烟四起,或牧歌羌笛,自明初以后近六百年,这里政局相对稳定,社会生产力有了较快发展,河湟地区由边地逐渐埒似内郡。这个时期,总体说来,经济繁荣,文化发达,各民族人口有了很大的发展。从河湟地区的历史区位来看,河涅地区东望秦陇,西联潴野,北倚祁连,南瞰康川,诚西北之心脏,祖国之宝地,农牧间之桥梁,人口状况也显露出来了与别地不同的特点。所以,探讨河湟地区民族人口及其相关问题就不能不是一项颇有意义的研究课题。全文内容分上下两编,共计九章。上编为河湟民族人口本体研究。本编主要是展开对人口本体的研究,即对明清时期河湟地区人口基本数据的剖析。笔者在吸取前人的研究成果和对历史资料分析的基础上,运用社会学、统计学、历史学以及民族学等多学科的理论与方法,考证了明清时期河湟地区各民族人口数量和总人口数。本编包含第一、二、三、四、五章和一小结。第一章是序论,主要谈及本研究的意义、研究时空的界定,并论述了支撑河涅人口发展的自然环境和人文环境。着重论述了本研究所依靠的史料基础和研究现状。第二、三章主要对明清时期河湟地区史志中的人口数据进行辨析、考证和推断。第四章主要考察了河湟地区不同历史时期的少数民族人口数量。最后小结,在此基础上,归纳总结了明清时期的不同历史阶段的民族人口数量和人口总量。第五章主要论述河湟地区人口迁移及其人口的空间结构变化。下编为河湟地区民族人口客体研究。主要指向与人口发展密切相关的不同社会因子的探讨,分析它们之间的互动关系相互影响。本编共包含第六、七、八、九章,共计四章。第六章主要论述河湟地区人口与农业生产之间的关系。第七章论述的是河湟城市状况及其发展,认为城市是河湟人口发展达到一定程度的必然产物。第八章是在对河湟地区自然灾害分析的基础上,论述自然灾害对河湟人口发展的影响以及明清时期的防灾救灾体系。第九章以河湟人口发展史为视角,进一步探索河湟人口发展规律,冀希以史为鉴,为现实人口发展提供有益的借鉴。
[Abstract]:Social productivity is relatively low in agriculture and animal husbandry as the main industry of the feudal society, and how much surplus population shrinkage which is one of the significant scale of social development level, Hehuang area is no exception. According to Marx's view, "the number and the density of population is the material premise part in the social work. The population is the foundation of social development, social material and spiritual wealth creators, of course, is the carrier of national culture.
Study on regional ethnic population is an important part of the population, it is the common basic demographic, and regional natural environment, unique personality influence under the humanistic environment. Study on regional ethnic population, whether it is the study of ancient or modern population population research, can provide a typical case for micro and macro witness population research, enrich the connotation of population research, so as to avoid the macro population research faces in the study area in the population and sense of helplessness. Therefore, to promote regional population studies, will undoubtedly promote the development of strong regional social history. Therefore, we can not talk about this research area: Hehuang area.
Hehuang area is the area of the ancient Qiang people living center, but its in-depth development it is from the beginning of Han Dynasty, has been more than two thousand years. Due to various reasons, the social development through here slowly, or by the animal husbandry and agricultural, or by agricultural return or grazing, by four, or pastoral bamboo flute. After nearly six hundred years since the Ming Dynasty, the political situation is relatively stable, with the rapid development of social productivity, the county side gradually in Hehuang area. It seems this time, generally speaking, economic prosperity, and cultural development of the ethnic population has been greatly developed. From the historical location of Hehuang area, river. Wang Qin long East, Xi Lian Zhu wild, north of Qilian, South Kan Cheng Chuan Kang, the heart of the motherland northwest, treasure, bridge between agriculture and animal husbandry, the characteristics of population status and don't appear different. So, the study of the national population in Hehuang area and its related problem is not a A very meaningful research topic.
The thesis is divided into two parts, a total of nine chapters. The first part is the Hehuang ethnic population. This part is mainly research ontology research on population ontology, namely the basic data of the Ming and Qing Dynasties population in Hehuang area analysis. The authors draw on previous research results and analysis of historical data on the basis of the use of social science, statistics, theory and methods of history, ethnology and other disciplines, research the number of Ming and Qing Dynasties of Hehuang ethnic population and total population. This part contains first, second, three, four, five chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter is the introduction, mainly about the definition and meaning of this research, research of space and time, and discusses the support of population development Nirvana river natural environment and the humanities environment. Mainly discusses the historical basis and research status of this research. The second, third chapter mainly rely on the analysis of population data records for Hehuang areas in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, test Certificate and inference. The fourth chapter mainly studies the number of minority population in Hehuang areas in different periods of history. In the end, on this basis, summarizes the Ming and Qing Dynasties in different historical stages of the national population and the total population. The fifth chapter mainly discusses the population migration in Hehuang area spatial structure change shift and its population.
The second part is the research object of the ethnic population in Hehuang area. The main point of different social factors closely related with population development, analysis of the interaction between them affect each other. This part consists of sixth, seventh, eight, nine chapters, a total of four chapters. The sixth chapter mainly discusses the relationship between Hehuang area population and agricultural production seventh. Chapter is the city situation and development of the Huangshui River, the city is regarded as the inevitable product of the development of Hehuang population. The eighth chapter is based on the analysis of natural disasters in Hehuang area, discusses the impact of natural disasters on the population development in Hehuang and disaster relief system in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The ninth chapter in the history of the development of the river Huang population perspective, to further explore the law of development of Hehuang population, Hebei and history, provide a useful reference for the reality of population development.

【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K248

【参考文献】