清代的经济活动与信任

发布时间：2018-03-21 07:22

本文选题：信任　切入点：经济　出处：《天津师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：清代是中国商品经济高度发展的一个时期,其发展的原因人们已经从各个方面加以分析,唯独少有以信任—这个经济活动发生的基础条件为角度去探求的。实际上,信任在整个经济社会发展中至关重要,但也常常被忽略,甚至有些关于中国社会信任的问题往往会被一些标签化的形象所扭曲。因此,很有必要仔细研究一下信任的问题。本文从司法对一般信任的影响开始,尝试研究清代司法与风俗习惯是如何对清代经济活动中的一般信任起作用的。以及在这个基础之上,当清代的普通人在经济活动中面临各种信任问题时,他们又是如何行动,去构建自己的信任圈子的。作者以此企图以小见大管窥清代经济乃至当时整个社会的运行逻辑。本文第一部分分析了清代司法在条文上与实践上对民间经济活动中的信任所起到的作用,认为清代的司法体系落后于其经济发展程度,事实上阻碍了清代社会建立起与其经济活动需求相适应的一般信任。随后,文章分析了民间各种习俗对一般信任建立所起的影响,认为整个清代处在一个由农业社会到商业社会逐渐缓慢转型的过程中,其中残留的许多农业社会时期的习俗滞碍了信任的建立。同时,为适应商业的发展,当时社会正在自觉形成许多有利于一般信任建立的惯习。可以说整个清代正是一个在墨守成规与探索新社会规范中矛盾挣扎的时代。第二部分重点探讨了人们在缺乏法律与社会支持时,当时人如何利用个体的力量去建立信任的方式。这些方式受到中国传统与社会结构的影响,集中表现在对关系的依赖上。可以说由关系建立的信任是清代经济活动中最主要的-种信任形式。另外,依靠个体经验的判断,主动树立值得信任的声誉等都是当时人建立信任的重要方法。
[Abstract]:The Qing Dynasty was a period of high development of China's commodity economy. The reasons for its development have been analyzed from various aspects, but few have been explored from the perspective of trust, the basic condition for the occurrence of economic activities. In fact, Trust is very important in the whole economic and social development, but it is often ignored. Even some questions about trust in Chinese society are often distorted by some tagged images. Therefore, it is necessary to study the issue of trust carefully. Starting from the influence of justice on general trust, this paper tries to study how the justice and customs of the Qing Dynasty played a role in the general trust in the economic activities of the Qing Dynasty, and on this basis, When the ordinary people in the Qing Dynasty faced various trust problems in their economic activities, how did they act to build their own trust circles? the author attempted to see through a small part the whole logic of the Qing Dynasty economy and even the whole society at that time. In the first part of this paper, the author analyzes the role of the judicial system in the Qing Dynasty in terms of articles and practices, and concludes that the judicial system of the Qing Dynasty lags behind its economic development. In fact, it hindered the Qing society to establish a general trust in accordance with the needs of its economic activities. Then, the article analyzes the influence of various folk customs on the general trust building, and thinks that the whole Qing Dynasty was in the process of gradually transforming from agricultural society to commercial society. Many of the remaining customs of the agricultural society hindered the building of trust. At the same time, in order to adapt to the development of business, At that time, the society was consciously forming a lot of habits conducive to the establishment of general trust. It can be said that the whole Qing Dynasty was an era of contradictions and struggles between sticking to the rules and exploring the new social norms. The second part focuses on the ways in which people used the strength of individuals to build trust in the absence of legal and social support. These ways are influenced by Chinese tradition and social structure. It can be said that the trust established by the relationship is the most important form of trust in the economic activities of the Qing Dynasty. In addition, it depends on the judgment of individual experience. It is an important method for people to build up trust at that time.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K249

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