金长城军事防御体系及其空间规划布局研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 00:12

本文选题：金长城 + 军事防御体系　；参考：《天津大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：金长城作为中国第二条万里长城,其研究却一直处于低迷状态。无论从历史、考古等研究成果还是遗址保护的重视程度来看,它与秦汉长城和明长城都相形见绌。以往对金长城的研究多针对文献挖掘和遗址考古,重视研究界壕构造与军事聚落层级中边堡一级的中小型军堡,对金长城军事防御工程体系的整体性与层级性并没有清楚的认识,从而导致2006年国家遗产保护组织才将金长城认定为中国长城的一部分,金长城从此走入世界文化遗产的范畴。金(1115-1234)在其统治的120年内,主要贯彻北防南侵的战略,由此产生了在金西北疆域上以防御为主的大型军事防御体系——金长城。金长城的综合防御能力主要依赖于自身军事防御体系的整体性和层级性。作为一个完整的防御系统,金长城军事防御体系不仅包括军事防御工程,还必须拥有长期戍防军队以及相应的配套管理制度、机构和资源供给机制。本文以金长城军事防御体系的整体性为研究重点,对金长城防御工程体系各组成部分、金长城军事管理制度及其机构与职能、长城戍边军队构成与特点等方面进行了深刻剖析。文中从整体规划布局的角度出发,对金长城空间规划布局与自然地理环境的互动关系,动态阶段性形成过程以及各个阶段的空间规划布局的防御格局、规律与防御特征等几个方面进行了多方位的分析与研究;深入探讨了金长城的界壕与军事聚落防御工程的发展形成、时空分布规律、层次与规模、防御性特征及其相应的军事管理等方面的内容,并进行了历时性的纵向比较和共时性的横向比较;通过数据的统计、对比分析以及数据的空间转化,将金长城军事防御工程体系各阶段的空间分布规律进行图示化并对比分析,完成“金长城界壕与军堡空间分布图”的绘制;同时,综合考古调查结果,对长城全线军堡归纳总结,依据长城军事聚落中的层级性,将各级军堡的城池规模、空间布局、防御特征等进行比较与归纳。金长城在整个长城发展史中具有承前启后的作用。较前代长城,它防御工程更为严密,军事管理更为完备,资源供给机制更为灵活,很多特征均被后世所继承,历史意义深远。
[Abstract]:Golden the Great Wall, the second Great Wall of China, has been in a lacklustre state. In terms of history, archaeological achievements and the importance of site protection, it is dwarfed by the Great Wall in Qin and Han dynasties and the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty. Previous studies of Golden the Great Wall focused on literature excavations and archaeological sites, and attached importance to the study of small and medium-sized military bunkers at the level of trench structure and military settlement. There is no clear understanding of the integrity and hierarchy of the military defense engineering system of the Golden the Great Wall, which led the National Heritage Protection Organization to identify Jin the Great Wall as part of the the Great Wall of China in 2006. During the 120 years of its rule, Jin Li mainly carried out the strategy of preventing the north from invading the south, resulting in a large military defense system-Jin the Great Wall, which was mainly defensive in the territory of northwestern Jin. The comprehensive defense capability of Golden the Great Wall mainly depends on the integrity and hierarchy of its own military defense system. As a complete defense system, the military defense system of Golden the Great Wall includes not only military defense projects, but also long-term garrison troops and the corresponding supporting management system, organization and resource supply mechanism. This paper focuses on the integrity of the military defense system of the Golden the Great Wall, and makes a deep analysis of the components of the defense engineering system of the the Great Wall, the military management system of the the Great Wall, its organization and functions, and the composition and characteristics of the troops guarding the border areas of the the Great Wall. From the point of view of overall planning and layout, this paper analyzes the interactive relationship between the spatial layout of the Great Wall and the natural geographical environment, the dynamic stage formation process and the defense pattern of the spatial planning layout of each stage. Several aspects, such as the law and defense characteristics, are analyzed and studied in various directions, and the formation, temporal and spatial distribution, level and scale of the defense project of the boundary trench and military settlement of the Golden the Great Wall are discussed in depth. The defensive character and its corresponding military management contents, and has carried on the diachronic longitudinal comparison and the synchronic horizontal comparison, through the data statistics, the contrast analysis and the data spatial transformation, The spatial distribution law of the military defense engineering system of Jin the Great Wall is graphically illustrated and compared and analyzed, and the drawing of the "Spatial Distribution Map of Jin the Great Wall Boundary trench and military Fortress" is completed, and at the same time, the results of archaeological investigation are synthesized. On the basis of the stratification of the Great Wall military settlement, the city scale, space layout and defense characteristics of the whole line of the Great Wall are compared and summarized. Golden the Great Wall plays an important role in the history of the Great Wall. Compared with the previous the Great Wall, its defense engineering is more rigorous, its military management is more complete, its resource supply mechanism is more flexible, and many characteristics have been inherited by later generations, which has far-reaching historical significance.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TU-098;K248

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