明代九边十三镇的月粮折价与粮价关系考释

发布时间：2018-05-14 23:09

本文选题：明代 + 边镇　；参考：《史学月刊》2017年12期

【摘要】：明代边镇军士月粮,按制度规定,必须照时价折银。而从当时边镇非灾荒、虏患时期的粮价以及月粮售价、军士对月粮折价认可度等方面考察,明代月粮折价反映的是边镇正常年份的粮价状况。边镇月粮折银有例折价、常折价、临时调整折价三种类型,其中例折价与常折价反映的是各边镇粮食价格的平价或常价,临时调整折价反映的是个别年份的价格。根据边镇月粮折价梯级分布的特点看,明代边镇并没有形成统一的粮食市场,这符合当时陆运成本极高的市场分割原则。在明代北方的普遍情形是,1市石等于1.67仓石(标准石),故按市石计量的北方及边镇粮价显得很高,以至于普遍认为北方粮价高于南方,这可能是个误区。
[Abstract]:The Ming Dynasty border town army sergeant monthly grain, according to the system stipulates, must take off the silver at the time price. And from the non famine at the time of the town, the grain price of the period of war, the price of the monthly grain, the approval degree of the monthly grain discount, and so on. The discount price of the Ming Dynasty is reflected in the state of the grain price in the normal year of the border town. There are three types of price, of which the price and the normal price of the grain prices in each town are reflected by the discount and the constant discount. The temporary adjustment discount reflects the price of the individual years. According to the characteristics of the cascade distribution of the grain discount in the border town, the Ming Dynasty does not form a unified grain market in the Ming Dynasty, which is in line with the market segmentation principle with high cost of land transportation at that time. In the north of the Ming Dynasty, the common situation in the north of the Ming Dynasty is that the 1 cities are equal to 1.67 stone (standard stone), so the grain price of the north and the border towns measured by the city stone is so high that it is generally believed that the northern grain price is higher than the south, which may be a misunderstanding.

【作者单位】：浙江师范大学人文学院历史系、环东海海疆与海洋文化研究所、江南文化研究中心;
【分类号】：K248

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