明代识字兵初探

发布时间：2018-05-15 11:28

  本文选题：明代 + 识字兵　； 参考：《史学月刊》2017年01期

【摘要】：识字兵是明代军制管理中为解决基层文书运行问题而出现的职役。洪熙时已有各级武官私下甄选的情况,迟至弘治末该做法得到朝廷认可,并被纳入军事体制。这一转变,使得军中基层文书人员的安排可以绕开吏部考选而由武官直接选用。至此,由国家单独掌控的基层文书权力转由国家力量和武官群体共同控制。识字兵不仅管理军中册籍,还行使信息传递、赋役催征等职能,在文书运转的末端发挥着重要作用。但识字兵待遇低、名额少,这种节流政策导致其在实际工作中收取例费、贪腐舞弊,最终对明代军制运作的效能产生了危害。而且在实际运行中,为满足军中文书行政的需要,识字兵数量超出规定名额成为常态。
[Abstract]:The literate soldier is the duty service in the management of military system in Ming Dynasty to solve the problem of the basic level document operation. By the time of Honghee, there had been private selection of military officers at all levels, and by the end of Hongzhi, the practice had been approved by the court and incorporated into the military system. This change, so that the arrangement of basic clerical personnel can bypass the selection of officials directly by the military attach 茅 s. At this point, by the national independent control of the basic power of the document by the national forces and military officials group jointly controlled. The literate soldiers not only manage the military register, but also carry out the functions of transmission of information and duty, which play an important role in the end of the operation of the document. However, the treatment of literate soldiers was low and the number of soldiers was small. This kind of policy led to the collection of fees and corruption in the actual work, which finally endangered the effectiveness of the military system in the Ming Dynasty. In practice, in order to meet the needs of military clerical administration, the number of literate soldiers has become the norm.
【作者单位】： 厦门大学人文学院历史系;
【分类号】：K248
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本文编号：1892267