唐玄宗朝官吏惩治初探

发布时间：2018-11-19 09:25

【摘要】：唐玄宗时期对于官吏的惩处,虽然与唐律的规定有关,但实际情况却涉及对皇权的维护及权力斗争。本文的落脚之处在于后者,而非法律条文的规定。唐玄宗统治前期,励精图治,严格治吏,社会发展至鼎盛阶段。开元二十四年以后,玄宗怠于政事,一心享乐,不再严于整饬吏治,使得权臣猖狂,吏治败坏,以致引发安史之乱。除去绪论、结语外,本文分为三大部分：第一章叙述开元前中期的官吏惩治。笔者选取姚崇和张说作为两个代表人物,来论述官吏惩治对皇权维护的作用。姚崇的上台是唐玄宗将功臣外任、拨乱反正的结果；姚崇被罢免宰相不仅因为他纵容儿子、属下贪赃,而且出于玄宗对时局的考虑。张说的上台是唐玄宗大兴文治的需要,后来因为贪财、与宇文融不合,被弹劾引术士占星而下台。大体而言,开元前中期,由于唐玄宗锐意进取、勤于政事,其采取的官吏黜陟措施发挥了维护政权稳定的效果。第二章讨论开元二十四年的变化。这一年是唐玄宗由明变昏的转折年,也是大唐王朝由盛转衰的渐变年。一方面,唐玄宗本人开始不顾政事、及时行乐；另一方面,耿直的文臣张九龄因为结党案被贬黜,机变的李林甫则成为首席宰相。李林甫既修订了一些律令格式,为唐王朝提供制度等保障,又出于私人目的打击异己,使朝廷无人敢进言。第三章论述开元后期、天宝年间的官吏惩治。这一阶段,李林甫一边掀起几次大案打压太子李亨,一边铲除有可能威胁自己相位的韦坚、杨慎矜等人。而李林甫死后反被杨国忠清算。综观唐玄宗朝官吏惩治的情况,可知,官吏的惩治虽然与律文的规定有关,更重要的是,受到皇帝意志、官场斗争、时局变化的影响。
[Abstract]:The punishment of officials in the period of Tang Xuanzong was related to the regulations of the Tang Dynasty, but the actual situation was related to the maintenance of imperial power and the struggle for power. This article is settled in the latter, not the provisions of the law. In the early period of Tang Xuanzong's rule, the society developed to the peak stage. Twenty-four years after Kaiyuan, Xuanzong labored in politics and enjoyed himself. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into three parts: the first chapter describes the punishment of officials before and in the middle of Kaiyuan. The author chooses Yao Chong and Zhang Shuo as two representative figures to discuss the role of official punishment in the maintenance of imperial power. Yao Chong's coming to power was the result of Tang Xuanzong taking over his meritorious position and setting things right. Yao Chong was dismissed not only because he connived at his son and his subordinates, but also because of Xuanzong's consideration of the current situation. Zhang said that came to power is the need of Tang Xuanzong Daxing Wenzhi, and later because of greed, and Yu Wenrong incompatible, impeached warlock astrology and stepped down. Generally speaking, before and in the middle of Kaiyuan, because Tang Xuanzong was enterprising and diligent in political affairs, the measures taken by his officials to depose and control the government exerted the effect of maintaining the stability of the regime. The second chapter discusses the change of Kaiyuan twenty-four years. This year was the turning point of Tang Xuanzong from Ming to faint, and it was also the gradual change of Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline. On the one hand, Tang Xuanzong himself began to disrespect political affairs and enjoy himself. On the other hand, Zhang Jiuling, the upright minister, was deposed because of the party formation case, and Li Linfu, who had changed by chance, became the prime minister. Li Linfu not only revised some laws and regulations to provide the Tang Dynasty with protection such as system, but also attacked dissidents for personal purposes, so that no one dared to speak out. The third chapter discusses the later period of Kaiyuan, Tianbao government officials punishment. At this stage, Li Linfu raised several major cases to suppress Prince Li Heng, while eliminating Wei Jian, Yang Shen-jin and others who might threaten his own aspect. After Li's death, he was liquidated by Yang Guozhong. Judging from the punishment of officials in Xuanzong Dynasty in Tang Dynasty, it can be seen that the punishment of officials is affected by the will of the emperor, the struggle of the officialdom and the changes of the current situation, although the punishment of the officials is related to the provisions of the law.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K242;D691.4

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