以书为礼:明代士大夫的书籍之交
发布时间：2019-08-02 10:06
【摘要】：依据《明代徽州方氏亲友手札七百通考释》,结合其他史料,探讨明代士大夫间以书为礼现象,发现:第一,以书为礼是明代士大夫日常交往的普遍行为:赠书者多为中上层士人;所赠书以家刻本和官书为主;以书为礼是双向的,体现了礼尚往来的原则。第二,明代士大夫普遍以书为礼的主要原因有:受传统上诗文、图书赠送的影响;明代中期以后出版业发达,刻印图书更方便;书是雅礼之一,符合士大夫对礼物的期待;明代历日颁发制度导致赠送历日成为特权阶层联络感情甚至贿赂的普遍选择。第三,明代中期以后以书为礼现象产生了异化:一方面,代表雅礼的书帕徒有其名,书帕仪(金)才是礼物的真正内容;另一方面,官场上赠送的书帕本往往是些校勘不精、质量低劣的图书。考察明代以书为礼现象,有助于拓展和加深对传统文献学的认识。
[Abstract]:According to the examination and interpretation of the Ming Dynasty Huizhou Fang family and friends, combined with other historical materials, this paper probes into the phenomenon of taking books as gifts among scholars and officials in Ming Dynasty, and finds that: first, taking books as gifts is a common behavior of daily communication between scholars and officials in Ming Dynasty: most of the donators are middle and upper echelons; the donated books are mainly family engraved books and official books; and the gift of books is two-way, reflecting the principle of courteous exchange. Secondly, the main reasons why scholars and officials in Ming Dynasty generally regard books as gifts are as follows: influenced by traditional poetry and books; after the middle of Ming Dynasty, the publishing industry is developed, and it is more convenient to print books; books are one of the elegant gifts, which accords with the expectations of literati for gifts; the system of giving away the calendar days led to the general choice of giving calendar days to contact feelings and even bribe of the privileged class. Third, after the middle of Ming Dynasty, the phenomenon of book as propriety dissimilated: on the one hand, the book Pattu, which represents elegance, is the real content of the gift; on the other hand, the handkerchief given by the officialdom is often some books with poor collation and poor quality. The investigation of the phenomenon of book as propriety in Ming Dynasty is helpful to expand and deepen the understanding of traditional philology.
【作者单位】： 北京师范大学历史学院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“书籍之交——明清江南非商业性图书流通研究” 国家社科基金重大项目“百年中国古籍整理与古文献学科发展研究(1911—2011)”(11&ZD109)
【分类号】：K248
[Abstract]:According to the examination and interpretation of the Ming Dynasty Huizhou Fang family and friends, combined with other historical materials, this paper probes into the phenomenon of taking books as gifts among scholars and officials in Ming Dynasty, and finds that: first, taking books as gifts is a common behavior of daily communication between scholars and officials in Ming Dynasty: most of the donators are middle and upper echelons; the donated books are mainly family engraved books and official books; and the gift of books is two-way, reflecting the principle of courteous exchange. Secondly, the main reasons why scholars and officials in Ming Dynasty generally regard books as gifts are as follows: influenced by traditional poetry and books; after the middle of Ming Dynasty, the publishing industry is developed, and it is more convenient to print books; books are one of the elegant gifts, which accords with the expectations of literati for gifts; the system of giving away the calendar days led to the general choice of giving calendar days to contact feelings and even bribe of the privileged class. Third, after the middle of Ming Dynasty, the phenomenon of book as propriety dissimilated: on the one hand, the book Pattu, which represents elegance, is the real content of the gift; on the other hand, the handkerchief given by the officialdom is often some books with poor collation and poor quality. The investigation of the phenomenon of book as propriety in Ming Dynasty is helpful to expand and deepen the understanding of traditional philology.
【作者单位】： 北京师范大学历史学院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“书籍之交——明清江南非商业性图书流通研究” 国家社科基金重大项目“百年中国古籍整理与古文献学科发展研究(1911—2011)”(11&ZD109)
【分类号】：K248
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