从单因解释到多因分析:比较方法的研究转向

发布时间：2018-02-25 02:02

本文关键词： 单因解释多因分析比较方法比较政治学　出处：《政治学研究》2014年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：比较方法是被国内忽视的科学研究方法。比较方法对于比较政治学乃至整个宏观社会科学都有着较为重要的意义。对国外比较方法两次浪潮的特征进行比较后发现,目前比较方法的发展出现了从宏观讨论转向具体操作、从本质主义转向程度主义、从单因解释转向多因分析等重要趋势。本文的讨论主要围绕比较方法的多因转向展开。比较方法第一次浪潮中的求异法和求同法都力图实现一种单因解释。而在比较方法的第二次浪潮中,质性比较分析、原因分析和比较历史分析等领域的研究成果都试图在多因分析上寻求突破。比较方法的多因转向特征与哲学和物理学等学科上表现出的宏观趋势是一致的。以上主要是从实然的角度对比较方法的多因转向趋势进行分析。从应然的角度来看,则需要辩证地看待单因和多因的关系,而贝叶斯分析的方法可能为两者的结合提供一些启发。
[Abstract]:Comparative method is ignored. The domestic scientific research method comparative method for comparative politics and the macro social sciences have a very important significance. The characteristics of the foreign comparative method of the two wave of the comparison found that the current development of the comparative method the discussions to the specific operation from the macro level, from essentialism to Marxism from a single, for explaining the important trend analysis. Due to the discussion of this paper is mainly about the comparative method comparative method. Due to the first wave of the difference method and the method of agreement are trying to achieve a single factor explanation. In the second wave of comparative method, comparative analysis of qualitative research, analysis of the causes of the field of historical and comparative analysis are trying to seek a breakthrough in the multi analysis. The comparative method due to steering characteristics and philosophy and physics show that on the macro The above trend is the same. The above is mainly from the perspective of reality. The trend of the multiple causes of the comparative method is analyzed. From the perspective of reality, we need to treat the relationship between single cause and multiple factors dialectically. The method of Bias analysis may provide some inspiration for the combination of the two.

【作者单位】：华东政法大学政治学研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“比较政治学理性选择理论追踪研究”(12CZZ006)的研究成果
【分类号】：D0

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