论“公共”在西方政治哲学视域下的不同景观

发布时间：2018-04-20 03:41

本文选题：公共 + 私人　；参考：《郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2015年06期

【摘要】：由于对"公共"致思路径上领域义与价值义的差异,在西方政治哲学上呈现出三种不同的公共观:一是自由主义的政治类型的公共观,关注点是如何有效地规制国家权力,以最大限度地保障公民的基本权利和自由,在国家与社会的冲突关系上明显地偏移于国家一端。二是共和主义的道德类型的公共观,强调公民在公共政治生活中的德性和自治能力是免于专断统治的前提,在国家与社会的关系轴上偏移于社会一端。三是新左派公共政治哲学的"中间"(国家与社会相互作用的中间领域)类型的公共观,认为"公共"是国家与社会相互作用的"共享地带",在监约国家权力并赋予其合法性的同时,又提取私人领域的需求,并赋予私人生活以意义和价值。三种公共观各有利弊得失,在历史发展中出场的时序并不相同,并且作为竞争者和批评者的姿态应运而生,两两竞争的结果,无所谓输赢,而是相得益彰。三种公共观在实质上是互补的、相辅相成的,只是每一方的着眼点和侧重点不同而已。
[Abstract]:Because of the difference between the meaning of domain and the meaning of value in the path of "public" thinking, there are three different public views in western political philosophy: one is the public view of the political type of liberalism, and the focus is how to regulate the state power effectively. In order to protect the basic rights and freedoms of citizens to the maximum extent, the conflict relationship between the state and society is obviously deviated from the one end of the state. The second is the public view of the moral type of republicanism, which emphasizes that the virtue and autonomy of citizens in public political life is the prerequisite to avoid arbitrary rule, and deviates from the social end on the axis of the relationship between the state and society. The third is the public view of the "middle" (the middle field of the interaction between the state and society) of the New left's public political philosophy. It is considered that "public" is the "shared zone" of the interaction between the state and society. While supervising the power of the state and endowing it with its legitimacy, it also extracts the needs of the private sphere and gives meaning and value to the private life. Each of the three public views has its own advantages and disadvantages. The sequence of appearance in historical development is not the same, and as the posture of competitors and critics emerges as the times require, the result of pairwise competition does not care about winning or losing, but complement each other. The three kinds of public views are complementary and complementary in nature, but each party's focus and emphasis are different.
【作者单位】：郑州大学公共管理学院;
【分类号】：D0

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