罗尔斯的“重叠共识”理念研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 02:01

本文选题：重叠共识理念 + 政治正义　；参考：《西北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：从现代民主立宪社会的政治文化传统出发，约翰·罗尔斯认为，当代社会是一个理性多元化的社会，这是一个无法改变的事实。在政治多元化、文化多元化、价值多元化发展的今天，拥有公共理性的现代公民可以就“政治的正义”观念达成一种“重叠共识”。重叠共识理念作为罗尔斯在《政治自由主义》一书中提出的三个主要理念（重叠共识理念、权利优先性和善的理念、公共理性理念）之一，它是罗尔斯政治哲学体系的基础。重叠共识是指在多元化的现代民主社会里，具有公共理性的公民在持有各自合乎理性的哲学学说、宗教学说和道德学说的同时，寻求相互之间的共识面，以达成对政治正义观念的一致。在罗尔斯看来，公民所达成的合乎理性的重叠共识能够为现代民主社会提供稳定性的支持。本文以《政治自由主义》一书中重叠共识理念内容的文本解读为基础，，并借鉴学术界既有的研究成果，试就罗尔斯的重叠共识理念进行分析探究。全文的主体部分共分为三大部分：第一部分从历史入手，通过对洛克、卢梭和康德等人的介绍，找寻了重叠共识的理论来源以及全面分析了罗尔斯提出的“重叠共识”理念的历史背景；第二部分详细阐释了重叠共识的基本涵义以及与权利的优先性于善、公共理性之间的内在联系，并且阐述了重叠共识理念实现的可能性；第三部分主要评析了这一共识思想的合理性以及学者们对它引起的争论，并指出该思想的现实价值。笔者认为，这一研究不仅有助于共识理论的丰富与发展，同时也可为我们今天建设社会主义和谐社会提供一些有意义的启示与借鉴。
[Abstract]:Starting from the political and cultural tradition of modern democratic constitutional society, John Rawls believes that the contemporary society is a rational and pluralistic society, which is an irrevocable fact. With the development of political pluralism, cultural pluralism and value diversification, modern citizens with public rationality can reach an "overlapping consensus" on the concept of "political justice". As one of the three main ideas put forward by Rawls in his book political Liberalism, the idea of overlapping consensus, the idea of priority of rights and the idea of public rationality, it is the foundation of Rawls' political philosophy system. Overlapping consensus means that in a pluralistic modern democratic society, citizens with public rationality seek mutual consensus while holding their own rational philosophical, religious and moral doctrines. To reach a consensus on the idea of political justice. In Rawls' view, the rational overlapping consensus reached by citizens can provide stability support for a modern democratic society. Based on the text interpretation of the idea of overlapping consensus in political Liberalism, and drawing on the existing research results in academic circles, this paper tries to analyze Rawls' idea of overlapping consensus. The main part of the thesis is divided into three parts: the first part begins with history, through the introduction of Locke, Rousseau and Kant, etc. This paper finds out the theoretical source of overlapping consensus and analyzes the historical background of the concept of overlapping consensus put forward by Rawls. The second part explains the basic meaning of overlapping consensus and the priority of rights over good. The third part mainly analyzes the rationality of this idea and the controversy caused by scholars, and points out the practical value of the idea. The author thinks that this research not only contributes to the enrichment and development of consensus theory, but also provides us with some meaningful enlightenment and reference for the construction of socialist harmonious society today.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D091

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