力量与责任—薇依政治哲学思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 16:52

本文选题：力量 + 责任　；参考：《云南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：二十世纪的法国女哲学家西蒙娜·薇依在中文学界因其宗教思想而广为人知,但是对于薇依的政治哲学思想却颇为陌生。本文旨在以薇依的主要政治哲学论著为依据,系统梳理薇依的政治哲学思想的渊源及其核心理念。本文着重研究的文本主要包括《伊利亚特,或力量之诗》(及续篇《从一部史诗看一种文明的终结》)与《扎根——人类责任宣言绪论》。这些文本是薇依政治哲学思想成熟时期的重要著作,代表了薇依政治哲学思想中具有独特理论价值的观点与洞识。本文的“绪论”从评述“薇依政治哲学的重要性”入手,交代必要的思想背景。第一章的重要目的在于清晰勾勒薇依政治哲学体系,并就其政治哲学思想在西方政治哲学传统中的位置予以定性。第二章和第三章是本文写作核心部分,重点对薇依的重要政治哲学文本进行解读,第二章讨论的是《伊利亚特,或力量之诗》及续篇《从一部史诗看一种文明的终结》。这两部作品写于薇依思想发展的中期,是薇依对于战争及人类命运与“力量”角力的思考,亦是薇依对危机四伏的二战时局的回应。“力量”这个概念在薇依政治哲学的语境中有着十分重要的地位。为什么薇依会认为是“力量”决定着人类社会的进程?“力量”是如何在战争中操控着人类的命运?薇依研究“力量”的落脚点是什么?本文试图通过这些设问,来深度挖掘薇依中期政治哲学思想中的重要问题。第三章研究的文本是《扎根——人类责任宣言绪论》,薇依在这本书中对法国时局进行了“诊断”,试图通过找出“灵魂的各种需求”,来治愈当时“各阶层、民族与国家普遍被拔根”的社会病态。本文认为,该书的三大部分“灵魂的需求”、“拔根”和“扎根”或许暗含着薇依的一种理论尝试,即她希望通过建构一个“灵魂的理念世界”来矫正、治愈现实政治的“拔根”局面,从而最终实现“重新扎根”,这颇有柏拉图式的“城邦建造者”的意味。在“结语”中,本文将通过总结薇依的这些主要理念所体现出来的独特思想方式,来接近这位女哲学家,并期待本文能为中文学界的薇依政治哲学研究做出自己的贡献。
[Abstract]:Simone Viyi, a French philosopher in the 20th century, was widely known in Chinese literary circles for her religious thoughts, but was quite unfamiliar to Vivian's political philosophy. The purpose of this paper is to sort out the origin and core ideas of Weiyi's political philosophy based on Weiyi's main political philosophy works. This paper focuses on the texts of Iliad, or Poems of Power (and the sequel to the end of a Civilization seen from an Epic) and the introduction to the Declaration of Human responsibility. These texts are important works in the mature period of Weiyi's political philosophy and represent the unique theoretical value of Weiyi's political philosophy. The introduction of this paper begins with comments on the importance of Weiyi's political philosophy and explains the necessary ideological background. The main purpose of the first chapter is to clearly outline Vivian's political philosophy system and to define the position of his political philosophy thought in the western political philosophy tradition. The second and third chapters are the core part of this paper, focusing on the interpretation of Vivian's important political philosophy texts. The second chapter discusses "Iliad, or Poems of Power" and its sequel, "the end of a Civilization seen from an Epic". These two works, written in the middle of Weiyi's thought development, are Weiyi's reflection on the war and the struggle between human destiny and "power", as well as Weiyi's response to the perilous times of World War II. The concept of "power" plays a very important role in the context of Weiyi's political philosophy. Why does Vivian think that "power" determines the course of human society? How does "power" control the fate of mankind in war? What is the foothold of Vivian's study of "power"? Through these questions, this paper tries to dig into the important problems of Weiyi's political philosophy in the middle period. The third chapter is an introduction to the Declaration of Human responsibility, in which Vivian "diagnoses" the situation in France, trying to heal "all classes" by identifying "the needs of the soul." National and state are generally uprooted "social sickness." This paper argues that the three major parts of the book, "the needs of the soul", "uprooting" and "taking root" may imply a theoretical attempt by Vivian that she wants to be corrected by constructing a "world of ideas of the soul". To cure the "root-pulling" situation of real politics, and finally to "take root again", which has the meaning of platonic "city-state builder". In the conclusion, this paper will approach the female philosopher by summing up the unique way of thinking embodied in Weiyi's main ideas, and looks forward to making his own contribution to the study of Weiyi's political philosophy in Chinese circles.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D0

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