儒家民本思想及其现代诠释

发布时间：2018-05-01 17:28

本文选题：儒家民本思想 + 历史作用　；参考：《青海师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：儒家民本思想,作为中国传统政治思想文化的主流,以君主民从的既定关系为前提,讨论设君之道与治民之道,其最终取向是通过规范君主对民的政治行为实现国泰、君尊、民安.中国古代不同时期的儒家学者都对民本思想做过精彩的阐发,形成了一个丰富的理论体系,表现在政治方面是重民意,在经济方面是重民生,在思想方面是重教化.儒家民本思想对中国古代政治学说和君主政治的实际运作具有深刻的影响,构成中国传统政治稳定和社会发展的墓础,也为中国人接受近代民主思想提供了衔接点。民本思想作为中国古代社会的一种重要政治思想,不仅对古代社会历史及其发展产生了重要影响,对于我们今天的政治与社会发展也仍然存在着重要的影响。之所以选择以中国传统民本思想为切入点,研究传统民本思想与现代民主政治之间的关系,关键就在于民本思想与今天人们的意识、思想及政治建设等方面存在着重要的联系。由于当代社会主要是民主政治形态,在民主政治发展过程中,如何认识民本与民主的关系,民本是否蕴含着民主的因素和理念,民主建设是否要建立在民本观念基础之上,民本思想对于政权建设有哪些直接意义属性,对这些问题的回答,不仅是思想史要研究的一个问题,也是政治学基本理论要回答的一个问题,是一个现实的政治理论问题。在当今的文化反思中,由于传统民本思想在历史中的重要地位和影响,以及其与当代政治建设和发展的重要联系,使得人们对民本思想产生了巨大的热情。有的学者寄希望于通过中国的传统民本思想挖掘出符合现代民主的理念,把民本思想的精华与现代民主精神相结合,在中国形成以儒家民本思想为底蕴的“儒式”民主,用以解决中国民主发展问题,解决西方自由主义民主在发展过程中所遇到的困难。还有的学者针锋相对,站在批判的角度,指出中国传统民本思想不具有现代民主因素,从民本思想中不可能挖掘出有利于民主政治发展的有利因素,因此,我们的任务不是把民本思想与现代民主对接,不是以民本思想来培植、补充现代民主,而是重在批判,只有认清民本思想与封建王权之间的内在联系,才会认清民本思想的本质,也才会从历史中走出来,更好地推进现代民主建设。
[Abstract]:As the mainstream of Chinese traditional political ideology and culture, the Confucian people-oriented thought, based on the established relationship between the monarch and the people, discusses the way to establish a monarch and the way to govern the people. The ultimate orientation of the thought is to realize the political behavior of the monarch towards the people. Minan. The Confucian scholars in different periods in ancient China have made a wonderful explanation of the people-oriented thought, and formed a rich theoretical system, which is manifested in the political respect, the economic aspect, the people's livelihood, and the ideological aspect is the emphasis on education. The Confucian people-oriented thought has a profound influence on the Chinese ancient political theory and the actual operation of monarchical politics. It constitutes the tomb foundation of the Chinese traditional political stability and social development, and also provides a link point for the Chinese to accept the modern democratic thought. As an important political thought in ancient Chinese society, the people-oriented thought not only has an important influence on the history and development of ancient society, but also has an important influence on our political and social development today. The key to the study of the relationship between the traditional people-oriented thought and modern democratic politics lies in the important connection between the people-oriented thought and the consciousness, ideology and political construction of people today. As the contemporary society is mainly a democratic political form, in the process of democratic political development, how to understand the relationship between people-oriented and democratic, whether the people-oriented contains the factors and ideas of democracy, and whether the democratic construction should be based on the people-oriented concept. The answer to these questions is not only a question to be studied in the history of thought, but also a question to be answered by the basic theory of political science and a realistic political theory. In today's cultural reflection, because of the important position and influence of the traditional people-oriented thought in the history, and its important connection with the contemporary political construction and development, people have great enthusiasm for the people-oriented thought. Some scholars hope to find out the concept of modern democracy through Chinese traditional people-oriented thought, combine the essence of people-oriented thought with the modern democratic spirit, and form "Confucian" democracy with Confucian people-oriented thought as its root in China. To solve the problem of democratic development in China, to solve the difficulties encountered in the development of liberal democracy in the West. Some scholars stand against each other and point out that the traditional Chinese people-oriented thinking does not have modern democratic factors, and it is impossible to dig out the favorable factors from the people-oriented thinking that are conducive to the development of democratic politics. Our task is not to link people-oriented thinking with modern democracy, nor to cultivate and supplement modern democracy with people-oriented thinking, but to focus on criticism, and only to recognize the inherent link between people-oriented thinking and feudal Wang Quan. Only when we recognize the essence of people-oriented thought, can we step out of history and better promote the construction of modern democracy.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D092

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