什么是真正的社会正义——从诺奇克与罗尔斯之争谈起

发布时间：2018-05-29 11:29

本文选题：正义 + 权利　；参考：《伦理学研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：正义是社会的首要价值,是维系社会秩序、塑造社会风尚的伦理智慧。新自由主义者诺奇克与罗尔斯的正义观在自由问题上无实质分歧,二人争论焦点在于如何看待平等,具体表现在正义基石—权利VS公正、政府角色—最低限度的国家VS多功能国家,以及分配正义—资格理论VS背景制度三方面。分析这些争论对如何理解中国特色社会主义正义观具有一定的理论与现实意义。结合中国传统文化的群体价值取向和大同理想以及马克思主义平等观等思想渊源的分析,中国特色社会主义正义观可借鉴"最大最小值"规则,从尊重公民基本权利,平等优先于善;合理把握市场机制与国家调控之张力,发挥政府职能;正确处理效率与公平之关系,缩小贫富差距;建立健全社会扶贫体系,增进百姓福祉等路径,构建中国特色社会主义正义观,在全面建成小康社会"最后一公里"的关键期做好扶贫工作,真正实现社会主义的公平正义。
[Abstract]:Justice is the primary value of society, the ethical wisdom to maintain social order and shape social fashion. The neoliberal Knochke and Rawls have no substantive differences on the issue of freedom. They argue that the focus is on how to treat equality, which is embodied in the foundation stone of justice-right vs justice. Government role-minimum state vs multifunctional state, and distributive justice-qualification theory vs background system. The analysis of these arguments is of theoretical and practical significance in understanding the concept of justice of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Based on the analysis of the group value orientation of Chinese traditional culture, the ideal of Datong and the Marxist concept of equality, the view of justice of socialism with Chinese characteristics can draw lessons from the rule of "maximum and minimum value" and respect the basic rights of citizens. Equality takes precedence over good; rationally grasping the tension between market mechanism and state regulation and control, giving play to government functions; correctly handling the relationship between efficiency and equity, narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor; establishing and improving the social poverty alleviation system; and promoting the well-being of the people. To construct the concept of socialist justice with Chinese characteristics, to do a good job in helping the poor in the crucial period of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and to truly realize the fairness and justice of socialism.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学哲学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重点项目“社会主义核心价值观的深度凝练与传播、认同对策研究(14AKS018) 教育部基地重点研究项目“当代中国伦理思潮研究”(05JJD720202)
【分类号】：D0

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