高兹政治生态学思想研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 01:31

本文选题：高兹 + 政治生态学　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：安德烈·高兹(Andre Gorz)既是存在主义马克思主义的重要代表人物,同时也是生态学马克思主义的重要理论家之一,是当代法国著名的左翼思想家,他的政治生态学思想对当代生态学马克思主义的发展产生了重大的影响。他从政治生态学的角度对当代资本主义制度进行深刻地批判,认为现代社会中出现的生态危机、自然危机是资本主义生产方式的不当导致的。在社会经济发展的过程中,应该用资本主义生态理性来取代资本主义经济理性,并认为保护生态环境的最佳选择是“先进社会主义”。高兹把生态学与政治、经济、文化等因素结合起来,形成了政治生态学思想。其政治生态学思想受著名思想家萨特的影响最大,萨特存在主义、存在主义马克思主义是高兹政治生态学思想形成的重要来源。与此同时,马克思主义特别是马克思主义的政治经济学和生态自然观思想,列斐伏尔、马尔库塞和哈贝马斯的思想,以及奥康纳、布克金等生态学马克思主义者的思想都对高兹的政治生态学思想的形成有着重要影响。本文对高兹的政治生态学思想进行了梳理、分析和研究。从对资本主义经济理性的批判开始,高兹认为正是由于现存的社会制度奉行的是经济理性,才使得生态环境逐渐开始恶化。认为要缓解当前的生态危机,应该在生态理性的指导下进行生态重建,但由于资本主义社会本身的局限性,未能承担起生态重建的任务,所以高兹认为进行生态重建的最佳选择是“先进社会主义”。从对现实存在问题的批判角度,高兹提出建设先进社会主义制度的设想,并提出了从现实社会到未来先进社会主义转型和变革的策略,这在一定意义上也丰富了马克思主义的生态学思想。基于此,高兹提出了“分散型技术”的政治选择,“更少的生产,更好的生活”的生产和生活方式,消除付薪劳动模式等关于“先进社会主义”的相关设想。从与其他学者的思想进行比较看,我认为高兹的政治生态学思想在研究方法、阶级立场、实践路径等的选择上有更好的理论价值和现实意义。从“先进社会主义”设想和实现路径看,高兹政治生态学思想对我国社会主义生态文明建设有可借鉴的价值和意义。
[Abstract]:Andre Gorz is not only an important representative of existentialist Marxism, but also one of the important theorists of ecological Marxism, and a famous left-wing thinker in contemporary France. His political ecology thought had a great influence on the development of contemporary ecology Marxism. He criticizes the contemporary capitalist system from the angle of political ecology, and thinks that the ecological crisis in modern society and the natural crisis are caused by improper capitalist production mode. In the process of social and economic development, capitalist ecological rationality should be used to replace capitalist economic rationality, and the best choice to protect ecological environment is "advanced socialism". Goz combines ecology with political, economic and cultural factors and forms political ecological thought. His thought of political ecology is most influenced by the famous thinker Sartre. Sartre's existentialism and existentialism Marxism are the important sources of the formation of Goz's thought of political ecology. At the same time, Marxism, especially Marxist political economy and ecological view of nature, Lefeivoll, Marcuse and Habermas, and O'Connor, The thoughts of ecological Marxists such as Bookkin have an important influence on the formation of Goz's thought of political ecology. This article combs, analyzes and studies the political ecology thought of Goz. From the critique of capitalist economic rationality, Goz believes that it is because the existing social system pursues economic rationality that the ecological environment begins to deteriorate gradually. In order to alleviate the current ecological crisis, ecological reconstruction should be carried out under the guidance of ecological rationality. However, due to the limitations of capitalist society itself, it is unable to undertake the task of ecological reconstruction. So Goz believes that the best option for ecological reconstruction is advanced socialism. From the point of view of criticizing the existing problems in reality, Gao Zi put forward the idea of constructing advanced socialist system, and put forward the strategy of transforming and reforming from the realistic society to the future advanced socialism. This also enriches the ecological thought of Marxism in a certain sense. Based on this, Goz put forward the political choice of "decentralized technology", the production and life style of "less production, better life", and the elimination of paid labor model and other related ideas about "advanced socialism". From the comparison with other scholars, I think that Goz's political ecology thought has better theoretical value and practical significance in the choice of research methods, class stand and practice path. From the perspective of "Advanced Socialism" assumption and realization path, Goz's political ecology thought can be used for reference in the construction of socialist ecological civilization in China.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D0

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