当代中国和印度的政治文化及其影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 10:52

本文选题：政治文化 + 中国　；参考：《延安大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国和印度两国都有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文明,两国的政治文化也各具特色。比较分析两大文明古国的政治文化,对于正确理解和把握中印两国的政治发展和双边关系具有重要的现实意义和深远的历史意义。政治文化是比较政治学发展的一个重要成果。它是在民族和国家不断的社会发展与历史积累中形成的,包括人们的政治认知、态度、信仰、情感和价值取向等构成要素。这些要素紧密相连,共同构成了一个民族或一个国家的政治文化。政治文化对国际政治有着重大的影响,是国家间合作的纽带,是国家间政治斗争的工具或手段,是国家间政治冲突的重要诱因。中国和印度两国的政治文化既有相似性,又有差异性,同中有异。相似性主要表现在两个国家的政治文化都具有多样性,都具有宽容性,都具有国家和民族复兴取向。差异性主要表现在两国政治文化的结构不同,属性有别,传统政治文化差异较大。中国的政治文化是“一元指导,多元并存”,而印度的政治文化则呈现出世俗与宗教的“二元对立”;中国的政治文化是社会主义性质的政治文化,而印度政治文化既体现了西方政治文化民主特性,又体现了本民族特有的宗教色彩。中印两国的政治文化对双边关系具有重要而又深远的影响。这种影响通过精英决策、公众舆论和国家形象的构建等路径表现出来。这种影响在中印边界争端、“龙象之争”或“龙象共舞”中已得到并将继续得到印证。政治文化对中印关系的影响有积极方面,也有消极方面。从积极影响看,两国开放而非封闭的政治文化有利于中印双方各个领域的交流与合作,从而加强对对方的政治认知,熟悉对方的政治价值,促使双方达成更多的政治共识。当前,中印两国虽然仍存在意识形态和边界问题,但总体来说合作大于对抗。从消极影响看,由于政治发展理念不同,印度国内和西方世界对中国和平发展仍抱有偏见和警惕,仍有人在指责中国政治文化,鼓吹“中国威胁论”,还有人在宣扬中印共同发展崛起必然产生争斗的逻辑。双方至今在民主和边界上仍存在悬而未决的分歧。这些都体现了两国政治文化差异陷入所谓地缘政治的困境。总之,中印两国作为新兴经济实体,在世界上正扮演越来越重要的角色,世界足够大,足够容纳两国共同发展。中印两国虽然政治文化同中有异,但发展本国经济、实现民族复兴是双方共同的愿望,因此,双方可以在政治文化的求同存异中共谋政治发展。
[Abstract]:Both China and India have a long history and splendid civilization. A comparative analysis of the political culture of the two ancient civilizations is of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance for correctly understanding and grasping the political development and bilateral relations between China and India. Political culture is an important achievement in the development of comparative politics. It is formed in the continuous social development and historical accumulation of nation and country, including people's political cognition, attitude, belief, emotion and value orientation and so on. These elements are closely linked and together form the political culture of a nation or a country. Political culture has great influence on international politics, it is the tie of cooperation between countries, the tool or means of political struggle between countries, and the important inducement of political conflict between countries. China and India have similarities and differences in political culture. The similarity is mainly manifested in the diversity, tolerance and national rejuvenation of the political culture of the two countries. The differences are mainly reflected in the different structure and attributes of the two countries' political culture and the great difference in the traditional political culture. China's political culture is "unidirectional and pluralistic," while India's political culture presents a "dualistic opposition" between secular and religious, and China's political culture is a socialist political culture. Indian political culture not only embodies the democratic characteristics of western political culture, but also reflects the religious color of its own nation. The political culture of China and India has an important and profound influence on bilateral relations. This kind of influence through elite decision-making, public opinion and national image construction and so on path to manifest. This influence has been and will continue to be confirmed in the Sino-Indian border dispute, "Dragon and Elephant dispute" or "Dragon and Elephant Dance". The influence of political culture on Sino-Indian relations has both positive and negative aspects. From a positive point of view, the open rather than closed political culture of the two countries is conducive to the exchanges and cooperation between China and India in various fields, thus strengthening the political cognition of the other side, familiarizing the other party's political value, and promoting the two sides to reach more political consensus. At present, China and India still have ideological and border problems, but generally speaking, cooperation is greater than confrontation. From a negative perspective, because of the different ideas of political development, India and the Western world still have prejudice and vigilance against China's peaceful development, and some people still criticize China's political culture and preach the "China threat theory." Others are preaching the logic that the rise of common development between China and India is bound to be a struggle. There are still unresolved differences between the two sides on democracy and on the border. These reflect the political and cultural differences between the two countries into the so-called geopolitical dilemma. In a word, China and India, as emerging economic entities, are playing an increasingly important role in the world. The world is big enough to accommodate the two countries' common development. Although there are differences in political culture between China and India, it is the common wish of both sides to develop their own economy and realize national rejuvenation. Therefore, both sides can seek political development by seeking common ground while reserving differences in political culture.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D0

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